Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

Aesopi N M

  • 1 aesopus

    Aesop (Greek author of fables); (Roman tragic actor contemporary with Cicero)

    Latin-English dictionary > aesopus

  • 2 βατταλογέω

    βατταλογέω (βαττολογέω v.l.; s. Rdm. 44; Mlt-H. 272) 1 aor. subj. βατταλογήσω onomatopoetic word; to speak in a way that images the kind of speech pattern of one who stammers, use the same words again and again, speak without thinking (explained by πολυλογία) Mt 6:7; Lk 11:2 D. Except for writers dependent on the NT the word has been found only in Vi. Aesopi W 109, where Perry notes the v.l. βατολογέω for βαττολογέω (it is missing in the corresp. place ed. Eberhard I c. 26 p. 289, 9. But Vi. Aesopi G 50 P. has the noun βαττολογία=foolish talk, but in a different context), and in Simplicius (c. 530 A.D.), Comm. in Epict. p. 91, 23 in the spelling βαττολογέω=‘prate’. It is perh. a hybrid form, rendering Aram. אמר בטלהא=‘talk idly’ (B-D-F §40). Differently FBussby, ET 76, ’64, 26.—S. DELG s.v. βατταρίζω for discussion of this type of word. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > βατταλογέω

  • 3 εἰρήνη

    εἰρήνη, ης, ἡ (s. εἰρηνεύω; Hom.+; εἰρ. and related terms are common in astr. texts, e.g. Cat. Cod. Astr. IX/2 p. 173, 21; 175, 10)
    ① a state of concord, peace, harmony
    ⓐ between governments opp. πόλεμος IEph 13:2. ἐρωτᾷ τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην asks for terms of peace Lk 14:32 (cp. TestJud 9:7 αἰτοῦσιν ἡμᾶς τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην; Anna Comn., Alex. 8, 5 ed. R. II p. 12, 17 τὰ περὶ εἰρήνης ἐρωτῶντες.—It is also poss. to transl. inquires about his health like ἐρωτ. [τὰ] εἰς εἰρήνην=שָׁאַל לְשָׁלוֹם 2 Km 8:10; 11:7; s. HThackeray, JTS 14, 1913, 389–99; Helbing, Kasussyntax 40); ἐν εἰ. εἶναι (Aristot., Mirabilia 119, 842a 2) be in peace, out of danger Lk 11:21. λαμβάνειν τὴν εἰ. ἔκ τινος take peace away fr. someth.=plunge it into a state of war Rv 6:4.—Ac 24:2. Of those who are fighting αἰτεῖσθαι εἰ. ask for peace (Anonym. Alex.-gesch. [II B.C.]: 151 Fgm. 1, 5 Jac.) Ac 12:20.
    ⓑ harmony in personal relationships peace, harmony w. ὁμόνοια (Chrysipp.: Stoic. II 1076; Diod S 16, 60, 3; Dio Chrys. 21 [38], 14; 22 [39], 2; SIG 685, 13 [139 B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 4, 50) 1 Cl 60:4; 61:1; 63:2; w. πραΰτης 61:2; opp. ὀργή D 15:3; opp. μάχαιρα Mt 10:34, cp. Lk 12:51. συναλλάσσειν εἰς εἰ. pacify Ac 7:26; σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰ. Eph 4:3. βασιλεὺς εἰρήνης king of peace (as transl. of Salem; cp. Philo, Leg. All. 3, 79) Hb 7:2. Of the Christian community εἰ. ἔχειν have peace, rest (fr. persecution, as Ac 14:2 v.l.; for the phrase s. Diod S 11, 72, 1; cp. Jos., Bell. 2, 401) Ac 9:31; εἰ. βαθεῖα (Ath. 1, 3 [opp. διώκεσθαι]; s. βαθύς 3a) 1 Cl 2:2. ὁδὸς εἰρήνης the way of peace, that leads to peace Ro 3:17 (Ps 13:3; Is 59:8); Lk 1:79. μετʼ εἰρήνης peaceably (Diod S 3, 18, 7; Vi. Aesopi W 97 P. μετʼ εἰρήνης ζῆν; EpJer 2; 1 Esdr 5:2; 1 Macc 12:4, 52 al.; Jos., Ant. 1, 179; 8, 405) Hb 11:31; ποιεῖν εἰ. make peace (Hermocles [IV/III B.C.]: Anth. Lyr. II p. 250, 21 [p. 174, 21 Coll. Alex.=Athen. 6, 253e] πρῶτον μὲν εἰρήνην ποίησον, φίλτατε.—ἐπί τινα Iren. 4, 40, 1 [Harv. II 301, 9]) Ac 14:2 v.l.; Eph 2:15; οἱ ποιοῦντες εἰ. those who make peace Js 3:18. βούλεσθαι εἰ. (Pr 12:20) wish for peace 1 Cl 15:1. διώκειν strive toward peace (w. δικαιοσύνη, πίστις, ἀγάπη) 2 Ti 2:22; Gal 5:22; 1 Cl 22:5 (Ps 33:15). εἰ. διώκειν μετὰ πάντων strive to be at peace w. everyone Hb 12:14 (cp. Epict. 4, 5, 24 εἰ. ἄγεις πρὸς πάντας). τὰ τῆς εἰ. διώκειν strive after peace Ro 14:19; ζητεῖν εἰ. 1 Pt 3:11 (Ps 33:15); cp. 2 Cl 10:2. τὰ πρὸς εἰ. what makes for peace Lk 19:42. W. ἀσφάλεια 1 Th 5:3; w. ἀγάπη B 21:9; 1 Cl 62:2. ἀπέστη ἡ εἰ. peace has disappeared 1 Cl 3:4 (cp. δαίμονας … τὴν εἰ. ταράσσοντας Orig., C. Cels. 8, 73, 29). πρόσωπον εἰρήνης ἔχειν maintain a facade of peace Hv 3, 6, 3; εἰ. ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς have peace within one’s group 3, 5, 1.
    ⓒ good order opp. ἀκαταστασία 1 Cor 14:33; cp. 7:15, and 1 Cl 20:1, 9ff.
    ② a state of well-being, peace
    ⓐ corresp. to Hebr. שָׁלוֹם welfare, health (WCaspari, Vorstellung u. Wort ‘Friede’ im AT 1910, esp. p. 128ff) in a farewell greeting: ὑπάγειν ἐν εἰ. go in peace, approx. equiv. to ‘keep well’ Js 2:16; also πορεύεσθαι ἐν εἰ. (Judg 18:6 B; 2 Km 3:21) Ac 16:36; ὑπάγειν εἰς εἰρήνην Mk 5:34; πορεύεσθαι εἰς εἰ. (1 Km 1:17; 20:42; 29:7; Jdth 8:35) Lk 7:50; 8:48. προπέμπειν τινὰ ἐν εἰ. send someone on the way in peace 1 Cor 16:11 (cp. Vi. Aesopi I, 32 p. 297, 1 Eberh. ἐν εἰρήνῃ ἀπέστειλεν [αὐτόν]). ἐν εἰ. μετὰ χαρᾶς ἀναπέμψατε send back in peace w. joy 1 Cl 65:1. ἀπολύειν τινὰ μετὰ εἰρήνης send someone away w. a greeting of peace Ac 15:33 (cp. Gen 26:29; Jos., Ant. 1, 179). In the formula of greeting εἰ. ὑμῖν=שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם (cp. Judg 6:23; 19:20; Da 10:19 Theod.; Tob 12:17) Lk 24:36; J 20:19, 21, 26. εἰρήνη τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ peace to this house Lk 10:5; cp. vs. 6 (WKlassen, NTS 27, ’81, 488–506); Mt 10:12 v.l., 13 (on εἰ. ἐπί w. acc. cp. Is 9:7; Ps 84:9). In epistolary closure καὶ ἔστω μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰρήνη peace be w. you AcPlCor 2:40.—A new and characteristic development is the combination of the Greek epistolary greeting χαίρειν with a Hebrew expression in the Pauline and post-Pauline letters χάρις καὶ εἰρήνη (s. χάρις 2c) Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1; 2 Th 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3; Rv 1:4. (χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη) 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; 2J 3. (χάρις καὶ εἰ.—or w. ἔλεος—πληθυνθείη, cp. Da 4:1; 4:37c LXX; 6:26 Theod.) 1 Pt 1:2; 2 Pt 1:2; Jd 2; 1 Cl ins; Pol ins; MPol ins; cp. Gal 6:16; Eph 6:23; 2 Th 3:16; 1 Pt 5:14; 3J 15; ISm 12:2; B 1:1 (χαίρετε ἐν εἰ.); to a degree, mng. 2b also is implied in this expr.
    ⓑ Since, acc. to the prophets, peace will be an essential characteristic of the messianic kgdm. (εἰ. as summum bonum: Seneca, Ep. 66, 5), Christian thought also freq. regards εἰ. as nearly synonymous w. messianic salvation εὐαγγελίζεσθαι εἰ. proclaim peace, i.e. messianic salvation (Is 52:7) Ac 10:36; Ro 10:15 v.l.; Eph 2:17; τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς εἰ. 6:15. ἔχειν ἐν Χριστῷ εἰ. J 16:33; ἔχειν εἰ. πρὸς τὸν θεόν have peace w. God Ro 5:1 (on εἰ. πρός τινα cp. Pla., Rep. 5, 465b; X., Hiero 2, 11; Epict. 4, 5, 24; Jos., Ant. 8, 396). ἀφιέναι εἰ. leave peace τινί J 14:27a (cp. Orig., C. Cels. 8, 14, 20); same sense εἰ. διδόναι give or grant peace 14:27b; 2 Th 3:16b (so Is 26:12. Since Thu. 4, 19, 1; 21, 1 εἰ. διδόναι refers to granting of political peace). Hence εἰ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ the peace brought by Christ Col 3:15; εἰ. τοῦ θεοῦ Phil 4:7; ὁ θεὸς τῆς εἰ. (TestDan 5:2) Ro 15:33; 16:20; 2 Cor 13:11; Phil 4:9; 1 Th 5:23; Hb 13:20; ὁ κύριος τῆς εἰ. 2 Th 3:16a; αὐτός (i.e. ὁ Χριστός) ἐστιν ἡ εἰρήνη ἡμῶν Eph 2:14 (cp. POxy 41, 27, where an official is called εἰρήνη πόλεως; sim. ἐπὶ τῆς εἰρήνης PAchm 7, 8; 104.—FCoggan, ET 53, ’42, 242 [peace-offering]; but s. NSnaith, ibid. 325f). ἐπαναδράμωμεν ἐπὶ τὸν τῆς εἰ. σκοπόν let us run toward the goal of peace 1 Cl 19:2.—2 Pt 3:14; (w. ζωή) Ro 8:6; (w. δόξα and τιμή) 2:10; (w. δικαιοσύνη and χαρά.—W. χαρά En 5:9; Philo, Leg. All. 1, 45) 14:17; 15:13; (πίστις, φόβος, ὑπομονή, μακροθυμία) 1 Cl 64:1. παιδεία εἰηρήνης ἡμῶν ἐπʼ αὐτόν 16:5 (Is 53:5). In prayer εἰς ἀγαθὰ ἐν εἰ. 60:3. Also Lk 2:29 and the angelic greeting ἐπὶ γῆς εἰ. peace on earth 2:14 are prob. to be classed here; cp. 19:38.—On peace as a gift of God cp. Epict. 3, 13, 12 εἰρήνη ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ κεκηρυγμένη διὰ τοῦ λόγου (=philosophy); Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 26, 5: it is the task of deities to establish and to promote εἰρήνη and φιλία; cp. the boasts of Isis in related terms, IAndrosIsis, Kyme.—HFuchs, Augustin u. d. antike Friedensgedanke 1926, 39–43; 167–223; WNestle, D. Friedensgedanke in d. antiken Welt: Philol. Suppl. 31, ’38; WvanLeeuwen, Eirene in het NT ’40; FBammel, Die Religionen der Welt und der Friede auf Erden ’57; on the word’s history, KBrugmann and BKeil, Εἰρήνη: Ber. d. Sächs. Ges. d. Wiss. 68, 1916 nos. 3 and 4; GKöstner, Εἰρήνη in d. Briefen des hl. Apostels, diss. Rome ’58; WEisenbeis, D. Wurzel שׁלם im AT, Beih. ZAW 113, ’69; RAC VIII 434–505 (lit.).—B. 1376. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἰρήνη

  • 4 καταλλάσσω

    καταλλάσσω (s. prec. entry and διαλλάσσω) 1 aor. κατήλλαξα; aor. mid. 3 aor. pl. κατηλλάξαντο (TestAbr A 8 p. 85, 30 [Stone p. 18]). Pass.: fut. 3 sg. καταλλαγήσεται 2 Macc 7:33; 2 aor. κατηλλάγην; ptc. καταλλαγείς; gener. ‘exchange’ one thing for another (TestJob 25:3 τρίχα … ἀντὶ ἄρτων); in our lit. only the exchange of hostility for a friendly relationship, reconcile (so Hdt. et al.; 2 Macc). Act. τινά (Hdt. 5, 29; 6, 108; Aristot., Oec. 2, 15) someone τινί to someone.
    ⓐ act. of God, ἡμᾶς ἑαυτῷ διὰ Χριστοῦ us to himself through Christ 2 Cor 5:18=ἐν Χριστῷ κόσμον ἑαυτῷ vs. 19.
    ⓑ pass.
    α. be reconciled, become reconciled (BGU 1463, 3 [247 B.C.]; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 134) w. dat. of the pers. (cp. X., An. 1, 6, 2; Pla., Rep. 8, 566e; 2 Macc 1:5; 7:33; 8:29; Jos., Ant. 7, 184): of humanity’s relation to God (Soph., Aj. 744; Jos., Ant. 6, 143 θεὸν καταλλάττεσθαι τῷ Σαούλῳ) καταλλαγῆναι τῷ θεῷ be(come) reconciled to God Ro 5:10a; 2 Cor 5:20 (sim. formulation but difft. sense Vi. Aesopi G 100 P. Aesop pleads with the king καταλλάγηθι Σαμίοις; cp. Vi. Aesopi W 100 P. δέομαι σου, δέσποτα, διαλλάγηθι Σαμίοις, followed by the king’s reply: κατήλλαγμαι; on the role of an envoy or meditator s. prec. entry). Abs. Ro 5:10b.
    β. Of reconciliation betw. human beings Ac 12:22 D. (γυνὴ) τῷ ἀνδρὶ καταλλαγήτω let her become reconciled to her husband 1 Cor 7:11 (cp. POxy 104, 27 [I A.D.]; the hypothesis, [summary] by Aristophanes the Grammarian, of Menander’s Dyscolus, ln. 9: κατηλλάγη τῇ γυναικί).—DELG s.v. ἄλλος. M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > καταλλάσσω

  • 5 λύω

    λύω impf. ἔλυον; fut. λύσω LXX; 1 aor. ἔλυσα. Pass.: impf. ἐλυόμην; 1 fut. λυθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐλύθην; pf. λέλυμαι, 2 sg. λέλυσαι, ptc. λελυμένος (Hom.+).
    ① to undo someth. that is used to tie up or constrain someth., loose, untie bonds (Da 5:12 Theod.), fetters (Lucian, Dial. Mar. 14, 3; Job 39:5 δεσμούς; Philo, Somn. 1, 181; Hippol., Ref. 5, 19, 20) or someth. similar.
    ⓐ lit. τὰ δεσμά AcPl Ha 3, 14; τὸν ἱμάντα Mk 1:7; Lk 3:16; J 1:27. τὴν ζώνην MPol 13, 2 (JosAs 10:11; 13:3); σφραγῖδας break (Polyaenus 5, 2, 12) Rv 5:2, 5 v.l. (of the broken seals of a will: BGU 326 II, 21 ἡ διαθήκη ἐλύθη; POxy 715, 19.—λύω of the opening of a document: ParJer 7:21 λῦσον τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ταύτην; 7:36; Plut., Dio 31, 4 [a letter]; Vi. Aesopi W 92 P.)
    ⓑ fig. ἐλύθη ὁ δεσμὸς τ. γλώσσης αὐτοῦ Mk 7:35; cp. Lk 1:63 D. λύε πάντα σύνδεσμον ἀδικίας loose every unjust fetter B 3:3 (Is 58:6).
    ② to set free someth. tied or similarly constrained, set free, loose, untie
    ⓐ lit. a pers., animal, or thing that is bound or tied: a prisoner (Jos., Bell. 2, 28, Ant. 13, 409; Ps 145:7) Ac 22:30; cp. vs. 29 v.l.; ISm 6:2 (cp. b below); AcPl Ha 3, 6. Angels that are bound Rv 9:14f. Also more gener. (IAndrosIsis, Kyme 48 ἐγὼ τοὺς ἐν δεσμοῖς λύω) release, set free prisoners Ac 24:26 v.l.; τοὺς δεσμίους AcPl Ha 11, 9. Of Satan, bound and imprisoned in an abyss Rv 20:3. λυθήσεται ὁ σατανᾶς ἐκ τῆς φυλακῆς αὐτοῦ vs. 7.—Of Lazarus, bound in grave-clothes λύσατε αὐτόν unbind him J 11:44 (Vi. Aesopi I 83 λύσατε αὐτόν=take off his fetters).—Of animals (X., An. 3, 4, 35) a colt that is tied up Mt 21:2; Mk 11:2, 4f; Lk 19:30f, 33ab (perh. these passages suggest a kind of commandeering of transport indicated by the term ἀγγαρεύω JDerrett, NovT 13, ’71, 241–58), τὸν βοῦν ἀπὸ τῆς φάτνης untie the ox from the manger Lk 13:15 (λ. ἀπό as Quint. Smyrn. 4, 373; Is 5:27; Jer 47:4).—λ. τὸ ὑπόδημα untie the sandal Ac 7:33 (Ex 3:5; Josh 5:15); 13:25.—Pass. τὰς τρίχας λελυμέναι with unbound hair Hs 9, 9, 5; cp. τὰς τρίχας λελυμένας Hs 9, 13, 8.
    ⓑ fig. free, set free, release ἀπό τινος (TestJos 15:6; Cyranides p. 97, 12) λυθῆναι ἀπὸ τ. δεσμοῦ τούτου be set free from this bond Lk 13:16. λέλυσαι ἀπὸ γυναικός; are you free from a wife, i.e. not bound to a wife? 1 Cor 7:27 (a previous state of being ‘bound’ need not be assumed; cp. Chion, Ep. 7, 3 λελυμένως=[speak] in an unrestrained manner. See also Simplicius in Epict. p. 129, 3: ‘one who does not found a family is εὔλυτος’, i.e. free). The pf. pass. ptc. IMg 12:1 is the negation of δέδεμαι i.e. unbound. On ISm 6:2 s. comm. by WBauer. ἐκ instead of ἀπό: λ. τινὰ ἐκ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν free someone from sins Rv 1:5. τινὰ ἐκ χειρὸς σιδήρου 1 Cl 56:9 (Job 5:20). Bonds from pers. loose, remove (Χριστὸς) λύσει ἀφʼ ὑμῶν πάντα δεσμόν IPhld 8:1.
    ③ to reduce someth. by violence into its components, destroy (Iren. 1, 8, 1 [Harv. I 67, 9]), of a building tear down (Il. 16, 10; X., An. 2, 4, 17f; Herodian 7, 1, 7; 1 Esdr 1:52; Jos., Bell. 6, 32; SibOr 3, 409) τ. ναὸν τοῦτον J 2:19. τὸ μεσότοιχον Eph 2:14 (in imagery).—ἡ πρύμνα ἐλύετο the stern began to break up Ac 27:41 (PLond III 1164h, 19 p. 164 [III A.D.] uses λ. of the dismantling of a ship). Of the parts of the universe, as it is broken up and destroyed in the final conflagration 2 Pt 3:10–12 (cp. Just., D. 5, 4; Tat. 25, 2).—Of a meeting (Il. 1, 305; Od. 2, 257; Apollon. Rhod. 1, 708; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 2; Diod S 19, 25, 7; EpArist 202; Jos., Ant. 14, 388 λυθείσης τ. βουλῆς) λυθείσης τ. συναγωγῆς when the meeting of the synagogue had broken up Ac 13:43.—λυθεῖσα Ox 1081, 3 as edited (so also Otero I 82, no. 3) is incorrectly read instead of ἐ]ληλύθεισαν, s. s.v. ἔρχομαι 1aζ.
    ④ to do away with, destroy, bring to an end, abolish (Socrat., Ep. 28, 2 and 4 ‘dispel’ slanders; Tat. 13, 1 ψυχὴ … λύεται μετὰ τοῦ σώματος; Mel., P. 43, 301 ὁ τύπος ἐλύθη=the type was abolished [when the antitype made its appearance]) λ. τὰ ἔργα τ. διαβόλου destroy the works of the devil 1J 3:8. Pass. ἐλύετο πᾶσα μαγεία all magic began to be dissolved IEph 19:3. λύεται ὁ ὄλεθρος ἐν τ. ὁμονοίᾳ his destructiveness comes to an end through the unity 13:1.—λ. τ. ὠδῖνας τ. θανάτου must mean in its context: (God) brought the pangs to an end (IG IV2, 128, 49 [280 B.C.] ἔλυσεν ὠδῖνα; Lycophron vs. 1198 ὠδῖνας ἐξέλυσε γονῆς; Himerius, Or. 64 [=Or. 18], 1 λυθῆναι τὰς ὠδῖνας of the cessation of labor pains; Job 39:2; Aelian, HA 12, 5 τοὺς τῶν ὠδίνων λῦσαι δεσμούς; Eutecnius 3 p. 30, 26), so that the ‘birth’ which is to bring Christ to light may attain its goal (Haenchen ad loc.) Ac 2:24 (but s. θάνατος 1bβ; originally it is probable that ‘the bonds of death’ went with ‘loose’); Pol 1:2—Of commandments, laws, statements repeal, annul, abolish (Hdt. 1, 29, 1 νόμον. Text fr. Nysa in Diod S 1, 27, 4 ὅσα ἐγὼ ἐνομοθέτησα, οὐδεὶς αὐτὰ δύναται λῦσαι; Ael. Aristid. 30 p. 573 D.: νόμους; Achilles Tat. 3, 3, 5; SIG 355, 21; 1219, 12; Jos., Ant. 11, 140) ἐντολήν Mt 5:19. τὸ σάββατον abolish the Sabbath J 5:18 (in John, Jesus is accused not of breaking the Sabbath, but of doing away w. it as an ordinance). Pass. (Dio Chrys. 58 [75], 10 τ. νόμου λυθέντος) 7:23; 10:35 (RJungkuntz, CTM 35, ’64, 556–65 [J 10:34–6]).—λύειν τὸν Ἰησοῦν annul (the true teaching about) Jesus (by spurning it); (cp. Alex. Aphr., Fat. 26, II 2 p. 196, 18 λ. τινὰ τῶν Ζήνωνος λόγων=certain teachings of Zeno; opp. ὁμολογεῖν: s. Iren. 1, 9, 3 [Harv. I 85, 10]) 1J 4:3 v.l. (for the rdg. λύει s. Iren. 3, 16, 8 [Harv. II 90, 3]; Cl. Al., Fgm. 35 p. 218, 10ff Stählin; Orig. XI [GCS] 152, 28; Socrates, HE 7, 32; EHarnack, SBBerlAk 1915, 556–61=Studien I ’31, 132–37; A Rahlfs, TLZ 40, 1915, 525; OPiper, JBL 66, ’47, 440–44 [exorcistic, break a spell]).
    ⑤ On the combination and contrast of δέειν and λύειν Mt 16:19; 18:18 s. δέω 4; also GLambert, Vivre et Penser, IIIe s., ’43/44, 91–103.—B. 1239f. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > λύω

  • 6 μάκελλον

    μάκελλον, ου, τό (not originally a Lat. word taken into Gk. [as Rob. 109], since it is quotable in Gk. fr. c. 400 B.C. in an ins fr. Epidaurus [GDI III/1, 3325=IG IV2/1, 102, 107; 296; 298; 301 in the form μάκελλον w. the mng. ‘enclosure, grating’]. The sense ‘meat market’ is found for the Lat. macellum Plautus and Terence+ [III/II B.C.]; the earliest Gk. ex. of μ. in this sense is SIG 783 [IG V/2, 268], 45 [I B.C.] where it is masc., μάκελλος, as also schol. on Aristoph., Eq. 137; Vi. Aesopi G 51 P.; cp. macellus in Martial, and Sahidic and Bohairic versions of 1 Cor 10:25. S. Cadbury below 134 n. 2. Elsewh. the word is neut. [so also Peshîttâ and Harclean Syriac] or the gender cannot be determined. μ. may have reëntered H. Gk. in this new sense; so Hahn 249 n. 6. For the view that μ. may be of Semitic origin [AWalde, IndogF 39, 1921, 82; B-D-F §5, 1 app.], though Doric-Ionic acc. to Varro, De Lingua Lat. 5, 146 Goetz-Schoell, s. JSchneider, TW IV 373f.—Plut., Mor. 277d; Cass. Dio 61, 18, 3 τ. ἀγορὰν τῶν ὀψῶν, τὸ μάκελλον; Vita Aesopi G 51 ὁ μάκελλος where pork is for sale; IG V/1, 149; 150; SIG 783, 45 [μάκελλος]; BCH 17, 1893, 261; 20, 1896, 126; PHerm127 [3] verso, 5) meat market, food market (s. the plan of one at Pompeii in AMau, Pompeji2 1908, 90–97, fr. here in Ltzm., Hdb. on 1 Cor 10:25. Also HCadbury, The Macellum of Corinth: JBL 53, ’34, 134–41 w. a Lat. ins found at Corinth containing the word ‘macellum’: Corinth, Results of Excavations VIII/2, ’31, no. 124; 125) τὸ ἐν μ. πωλούμενον ἐσθίειν eat what is sold in the meat market 1 Cor 10:25.—B. 365. DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μάκελλον

  • 7 μέσος

    μέσος, η, ον (Hom.+). The distinction between ‘middle’ and ‘among’ for μ. is sometimes rather fluid, and some of the passages here cited may fit equally well under 1 or 2.
    ① pert. to a middle position spatially or temporally, middle, in the middle.
    ⓐ as adj. (of intermediate terms: Pla., Rep. 330b, Pol. 303a) ὁ μέσος αὐτῶν ἀνήρ the man in their midst, apparently surrounded by them Hs 9, 12, 7. μέσης νυκτός at midnight (3 Km 3:20.—B-D-F §270, 2; Rob. 495; Lobeck, Phryn. p. 53; 54; 465) Mt 25:6. ἡμέρας μέσης at midday (Jos., Bell. 1, 651, Ant. 17, 155) Ac 26:13. εἰς μέσην τὴν οἰκοδομήν into the middle of the building Hs 9, 7, 5; cp. 9, 8, 2; 4; 6 (cp. Philo, Fuga 49 εἰς μέσον τὸν ποταμόν; Jos., Ant. 4, 80 εἰς μέσον τὸ πῦρ). ἐσταύρωσαν … μέσον τὸν Ἰησοῦν they crucified Jesus between (them) J 19:18. ἐσχίσθη τὸ καταπέτασμα μέσον the curtain was torn in two Lk 23:45 (cp. Artem. 4, 30 τὸ ἱμάτιον μέσον ἐρρωγέναι). ἐλάκησεν μέσος Ac 1:18 (cp. Aristoph., Ran. 955). ἐν μέσοις τοῖς ὀργάνοις τοῦ διαβόλου in the midst of the tools of the devil 2 Cl 18:2 (for the syntax cp. Gen 2:9 ἐν μέσῳ τῷ παραδείσῳ).
    ⓑ as subst. neut. τὸ μ. the middle (on the absence of the art. s. B-D-F §264, 4; cp. Rob. 792) ἀνὰ μέσον τινός (s. ἀνά 1) ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ὁρίων within or through the region Mk 7:31. ἀνὰ μ. αὐτῶν between them GPt 4:10; Hs 9, 2, 3; 9, 15, 2. ἀνὰ μ. ἐκκλησίας ἁγίων B 6:16; 4:10; διακρῖναι ἀνὰ μ. τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ between one (congregation) member and another 1 Cor 6:5 (s. ἀνά 1b. Perh. μέσος prompted a shortening of the sentence tending to obscurity; cp. the Stoic expr. μέσα καθήκοντα = καθήκοντα ἃ ἐν μέσῳ ἐστὶ κατορθωμάτων κ. ἁμαρτημάτων: MPohlenz, D. Stoa II ’49, 73f). τὸ ἀρνίον τὸ ἀ. μ. τοῦ θρόνου the lamb who is (seated) on the center of the throne Rv 7:17. ἀνὰ μ. τῆς ὁδοῦ (they made) half their journey GJs 17:3.—διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν through the midst of them (X., An. 1, 4, 4; Aesop. Fab. 147 P.=247 H./201a Ch./152 [I, II] H-H.; Am 5:17; Jer 44:4; Jdth 11:19; 1 Macc 5:46; Ath. 18, 3 ‘between’) Lk 4:30; J 8:59 v.l. διὰ μέσον Σαμαρείας καὶ Γαλιλαίας Lk 17:11 prob. can only mean through Samaria and Galilee; but this raises a practical difficulty, since we should expect to find the provinces mentioned in the opposite order. Perh. the text is damaged (cp. the vv.ll. διὰ μέσου and μέσον; s. B-D-F §222; Rob. 648; JBlinzler, AWikenhauser Festschr. ’54, 46ff. If the v.l. διὰ μέσου Σ. καὶ Γ. should be correct, we could compare Maximus Tyr. 28, 4a διὰ μέσου πίστεως κ. ἀπιστίας=throughout between). For the view that μέσον signifies the area betw. S. and G. s. the comm. Cp. δια B1.—εἰς τὸ μέσον into the middle or center (X., Cyr. 3, 1, 6; Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 24; 3 Km 6:8; Jos., Ant. 9, 149) Mk 3:3; Lk 4:35; 5:19; 6:8; J 20:19, 26 (ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον as Vi. Aesopi G 82 P.); Hs 9, 8, 5; also in the middle 9, 6, 1. W. gen. (X., An. 1, 5; 14a; Jer 21:4; 48:7; Sb 6270, 13) εἰς τὸ μ. αὐτῶν in the midst of them 9, 11, 7. Without the art. (LXX; Jos., Vi. 334; SibOr 3, 674) εἰς μ. τοῦ πεδίου in the middle of the plain Hs 9, 2, 1 (εἰς μ.=‘in the middle’, as Ps.-Clem., Hom. 3, 30 p. 44, 21 Lag.). τί … τὸ ἔριον εἰς μ. τῶν ἀκανθῶν τιθέασιν; Why do they place the wool in the middle of the thorns? 7:11. ἀναστὰς εἰς μ. he arose (and came) forward Mk 14:60 (cp. Theocr. 22, 82 ἐς μέσον=into the middle; Himerius, Or. 63 [=Or. 17], 2 εἰς μέσον ἔρχεσθαι=come into the open; X., Cyr. 4, 1, 1 στὰς εἰς τὸ μ.).—ἐν τῷ μ. among, before (more closely defined by the context, or = in public [so Clearch., Fgm. 45 οἴκοι καὶ μὴ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ; Appian, Liby. 15 §63]) Mt 14:6 (Dio Chrys. 30 [79], 39 ὀρχεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ μέσω; Lucian, Pereg. 8) and into the middle, before (them) (Vi. Aesopi W c. 86 στὰς ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἔφη) Ac 4:7. Without the art. (LXX) ἐν μέσῳ (on the spelling ἐμ μέσῳ, which occurs several times as v.l., s. B-D-F §19, 1; Mlt-H. 105) abs. into the middle, before (someone) (Appian, Hann. 16 §67, Liby. 14 §59; Jos., Ant. 7, 278) J 8:3; MPol 18:1 and in the middle (Pla., Rep. 558a; Herm. Wr. 4, 3; PLille 1 recto, 5 [259 B.C.]; GrBar 13:4) J 8:9. W. gen. of place (Aeneas Tact. 1529; 1532; TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 21 [Stone p. 28], B 8 p. 113, 3 [St. p. 74]; ParJer 1:2; GrBar 10:2) τῆς θαλάσσης (En 97:7) in the middle of the lake Mk 6:47. τῆς πλατείας through the middle of the street Rv 22:2. ἐν μ. τῆς αὐλῆς in the middle of the courtyard Lk 22:55a; τοῦ τάφου GPt 13:55. ἐν μ. αὐτῆς within it (the city of Jerusalem) Lk 21:21; cp. Dg 12:3; MPol 12:1; 12:2(?). ἐν μ. τοῦ θρόνου καὶ τῶν τεσσάρων ζῴων on the center of the throne and among the four living creatures Rv 5:6a (w. double gen. also between: Appian, Hann. 14 §60, Bell. Civ. 5, 23 §92; Arrian, Anab. 1, 20, 2; 3, 28, 8 al.; Lucian, Fugit. 10 ἐν μ. ἀλαζονείας κ. φιλοσοφίας). ἐν μέσῳ τ. θρόνου around (on every side of) the throne 4:6 (but between the throne and a more remote point: RBrewer, JBL 71, ’52, 227–31).—ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας Hb 2:12 (Ps 21:23); cp. Ac 17:22. κατὰ μέσον (Jos., Bell. 5, 207; SibOr 3, 802 κατὰ μέσσον=‘in the middle’ [of the day]) κατὰ μ. τῆς νυκτός about midnight Ac 16:25 D; 27:27.
    ⓒ The neut. μέσον serves as adv. (e.g., Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 43 §175 μ.=meanwhile) ἦν μέσον ὡς he was in the center of it as MPol 15:2; and is used as prep. w. gen. (B-D-F §215, 3; Rob. 644. Cp. Hdt. 9, 107, 2; Polyb. 8, 25, 1; Epict. 2, 22, 10; LXX, TestSol; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 31 [Stone p. 8]; JosAs 24:21; Jos., Ant. 6, 65; SibOr 3, 319) μ. τῆς θαλάσσης in the middle of the lake Mt 14:24 v.l.; μ. γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς in the midst of a crooked generation Phil 2:15 (cp. Maximus Tyr. 36, 5a ἐν μέσῳ τῷ σιδηρῷ τούτῳ γένει).
    ② pert. to a position within a group, without focus on mediate position, among.
    ⓐ as adj. ἐκάθητο ὁ Πέτρος μέσος αὐτῶν Peter was sitting among them Lk 22:55 (the point being not as center of attention but inconspicuously in the group; cp. Jos., Ant. 9, 107). μέσος ὑμῶν ἕστηκεν J 1:26 (Jos., Ant. 14, 23). τοῦ πύργου μέσου Hs 9, 8, 2. εἶδον … μέσον αὐτῶν τὸν Παῦλον AcPl Ha 11, 14.
    ⓑ as subst. neuter ἀνὰ μέσον τινός (s. ἀνά 1) among someth. Mt 13:25. W. gen. pl. (TestJob 32:6 ἐν μέσῳ τῶν τέκνων σου) in the midst of, among in answer to the questions where and whither (B-D-F §215, 3 app.) Mt 18:2, 20; Mk 9:36; Lk 2:46; 24:36; Ac 1:15; 2:22; 6:15 D; 27:21; Rv 5:6b; cp. 6:6. Of close personal relationship ἐν μέσῳ ὑμῶν among you = in communion with you Lk 22:27; 1 Th 2:7.—ἐν μ. λύκων among wolves Mt 10:16; Lk 10:3; 2 Cl 5:2.—W. gen. pl. of things (Alciphron 3, 24, 3) Lk 8:7; Rv 1:13; 2:1. ἐκ (τοῦ) μ. from among (X., An. 1, 5, 14b; oracular response in Diod S 9, 3, 2; LXX=מִתּוֹךְ): αἴρειν τι (or τινά) ἐκ (τοῦ) μέσου (τινῶν) Col 2:14; 1 Cor 5:2 (s. αἴρω 3). ἁρπάσαι αὐτὸν ἐκ μ. αὐτῶν Ac 23:10 (s. ἁρπάζω 2a). ἀφορίζειν τοὺς πονηροὺς ἐκ μ. τῶν δικαίων Mt 13:49 (s. ἀφορίζω 1). γίνεσθαι ἐκ μ. 2 Th 2:7 (s. γίνομαι 6b). ἐξέρχεσθαι ἐκ μ. αὐτῶν from among them Ac 17:33; cp. 2 Cor 6:17 (cp. Is 52:11). κύριος λαμβάνει ἑαυτῷ ἔθνος ἐκ μ. ἐθνῶν 1 Cl 29:3 (cp. Dt 4:34).—B. 864. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μέσος

  • 8 πρόβατον

    πρόβατον, ου, τό (Hom.+; on the dat. pl. πρόβασι Hs 6, 1, 6 s. Herodian, Gramm. 1414, 10. πρόβασι βοσνήμασι Hesych p. 275 MSchmidt, as Schwyzer I 499)
    ① sheep (on this mng. s. O. Wilck I 286; B-D-F §126, 1aα; L-S-J-M s.v. I. The more general senses ‘cattle’ or ‘small cattle’ scarcely merit serious attention for our lit., though they are barely poss. in certain passages.) Mt 12:11f; 18:12; Lk 15:4, 6 (on this parable: GNordberg, SEÅ 1, ’37, 55–63); Rv 18:13; B 16:5 (En 89:54ff); GJs 18:3 (codd.). As a sacrificial animal 1 Cl 4:1 (Gen 4:4); J 2:14f. πρόβατα σφαγῆς sheep to be slaughtered Ro 8:36 (Ps 43:23). Defenseless in the midst of wolves Mt 10:16. In danger without a shepherd Mt 9:36; Mk 6:34 (both Num 27:17; cp. Ezk 34:5 and Jdth 11:19); Mt 26:31; Mk 14:27; B 5:12 (the three last Zech 13:7); 1 Cl 16:6f (Is 53:6f). ἐν ἐνδύμασι προβάτων (cp. ἔνδυμα 2; Proverbia Aesopi 123 P. κρύπτειν τὸν λύκον προβάτου δορᾷ) Mt 7:15. The first fruits of the sheep belong to the prophets D 13:3. Jesus ὡς πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγὴν ἤχθη … ἄφωνος (after Is 53:7) Ac 8:32 (cp. Vi. Aesopi G 48 P. a dispute over the question: διὰ τί τὸ πρόβατον ἐπὶ θυσίαν ἀγόμενον οὐ κέκραγεν;); B 5:2 (Is 53:7); 1 Cl 16:7.
    ② people of God, sheep. The lit. usage passes over to the nonliteral, or the sheep appear for the most part as symbols of certain people (En 89:42ff; Did., Gen 215:24): in the extended allegory of the Good Shepherd and the sheep J 10:1–16, 26f (in vs. 3 P66 reads προβάτια). Jesus is ὁ ποιμὴν τῶν προβάτων ὁ μέγας Hb 13:20. Cp. 1 Pt 2:25. The bishop is the shepherd, the church members the sheep IPhld 2:1. Cp. J 21:16, 17 (Porphyr., Adv. Chr. Fgm. 26: the ἀρνία are the catechumens, but the προβάτα are οἱ πιστοὶ εἰς τὸ τῆς τελετώσεως προβάντες μυστήριον). The Christians are called πρόβατα τῆς νομῆς σου (=God’s) 1 Cl 59:4 (cp. Ps 78:13; 94:7; 99:3). In the last times under the influence of lying prophets τὰ πρόβατα will be turned εἰς λύκους D 16:3. At the last judgment people will be divided as the shepherd separates τὰ πρόβατα from οἱ ἔριφοι Mt 25:32f (s. ἔριφος; PAmh 73, 6 [129/30 A.D.] differentiates πρόβ. and αἶγες), and the πρόβατα, representing those blessed by the Father, will stand at the right hand of the Human One (Son of Man) vs. 33 (HGraffmann, D. Gericht nach d. Werken im Mt: KBarth Festschr. ’36, 124–36). Jesus knows that he is (divinely) sent 15:24, and sends his disciples 10:6 πρὸς τὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ.—In Hermas sheep appear (w. shepherds) as symbolic of all kinds of persons Hs 6, 1, 5f; 6, 2, 3f; 6f; 6, 3, 2; 9, 1, 9; 9, 27, 1.—B. 144. DELG s.v. πρόβατα. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρόβατον

  • 9 πρός

    πρός prep. expressing direction ‘on the side of’, ‘in the direction of’: w. gen. ‘from’, dat. ‘at’, or acc. (the most freq. usage in our lit.) ‘to’ (s. the lit. s.v. ἀνά. beg.) (Hom.+).
    ① w. gen. (pseudepigr. only TestSol 10:4 C; apolog. exc. Ar.) marker of direction or aspect from which someth. is determined, to the advantage of, advantageous for (Thu. 3, 59, 1 οὐ πρὸς τῆς ὑμετέρας δόξης τάδε; Hdt. 1, 75; Dionys. Hal. 10, 30, 5; Diod S 18, 50, 5; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 20, 3; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; Ath. 36, 1; B-D-F §240; Rob. 623f) οἱ πρ. ζωῆς μαζοί the life-giving breasts 1 Cl 20:10. πρ. τῆς σωτηρίας in the interest of safety Ac 27:34 (πρὸς τῆς ς. as Jos., Ant. 16, 313).
    ② w. dat. (pesudepigr. only TestSol 6:4 D; TestAbr [s. below]; JosAs 19:1.—Just.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 7; Ath., R. 22 p. 75, 10) marker of closeness of relation or proximity
    ⓐ of place near, at, by (Hom. et al. incl. Aristarch. Samos 398, 20; LXX; TestSol 6:4 D; Jos., Ant 8, 349; 381) Mk 5:11; around Rv 1:13. πρ. τῇ θύρᾳ ἑστηκέναι stand at the door (Menand., Fgm. 420, 1; 830 K.=352, 1; 644 Kö.; JosAs 19:1) J 18:16; cp. 20:11. πρὸς τῇ πύλῃ GJs 4:4; ἐγγίζοντος αὐτοῦ πρ. τῇ καταβάσει τοῦ ὄρους when he came close to the slope of the mountain Lk 19:37 (s. κατάβασις). πρ. τῇ κεφαλῇ, τοῖς ποσίν at the head, at the feet J 20:12. τὰ πρ. ταῖς ῥίζαις the parts near the roots Hs 9, 1, 6; 9, 21, 1. In geographical designations Μαγνησία ἡ πρ. Μαιάνδρῳ Magnesia on the Maeander IMagnMai ins.—(Cp. the temporal use: πρὸς ἑσπέρᾳ ἐστίν it takes place at evening TestAbr B 2 p. 106, 7 [Stone p. 60]; cp. Just., D. 105, 3 and 5; 142, 1.)
    ⓑ in addition to (Hom. et al.; Polyb., Just.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 7; Ath., R. 22 p. 75, 10; ins) πρὸς τούτοις (SIG 495, 105; 685, 70 and 100; 796 B, 30; 888, 35 al.; UPZ 26, 18; 25 [163 B.C.]; 2 Macc 4:9; 5:23; 9:17, 25; 14:4, esp. 12:2; Philo, Aet. M. 67 al.; Just., A I, 40, 5; D. 93, 4 al.) 1 Cl 17:1.
    ③ w. acc. (pseudepigr. and apolog. throughout) marker of movement or orientation toward someone/someth.
    ⓐ of place, pers., or thing toward, towards, to, after verbs
    α. of going; s. ἄγω 5, ἀναβαίνω 1aα, ἀνακάμπτω 1a, ἀπέρχομαι 1b, διαβαίνω, διαπεράω, εἴσειμι, εἰσέρχομαι 1bα, ἐκπορεύομαι 1c, also ἐπισυνάγομαι Mk 1:33, ἔρχομαι 1aβ, ἥκω 1d et al.—προσαγωγὴ πρὸς τὸν πατέρα Eph 2:18. εἴσοδος 1 Th 1:9a.
    β. of sending; s. ἀναπέμπω Lk 23:7, 15; Ac 25:21, ἀποστέλλω 1bα, πέμπω.
    γ. of motion gener.; s. βληθῆναι (βάλλω 1b), ἐπιστρέφω 1a, 4ab, κεῖμαι 2, πίπτω 1bαא and ב, προσκολλάω, προσκόπτω 1, προσπίπτω.
    δ. of leading, guiding; s. ἄγω 1a, ἀπάγω 2a and 4, also ἕλκω 2 end J 12:32, κατασύρω, etc.
    ε. of saying, speaking; s. ἀποκρίνομαι 1, also δημηγορέω Ac 12:21, εἶπον 1a, λαλέω 2aγ and 2b, λέγω 1bγ et al. Hebraistically λαλεῖν στόμα πρὸς στόμα speak face to face (Jer 39:4; ApcEsdr 6:6 p. 31, 10 Tdf.) 2J 12b; 3J 14 (cp. PGM 1, 39 τὸ στόμα πρὸς τὸ στόμα). πρὸς ἀλλήλους to one another, with each other, among themselves: s. ἀντιβάλλω, διαλαλέω, also διαλέγομαι Mk 9:34, διαλογίζομαι 8:16; Lk 20:14, εἶπον 24:32; J 16:17; 19:24, λαλέω, λέγω et al. πρὸς ἑαυτούς to themselves, to each other: s. διαλογίζομαι 1; εἶπον Mk 12:7; J 7:35; λέγω (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 15, 7 πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἔλεγεν; Just., D. 62, 2) Mk 10:26; 16:3. διαθήκην ὁ θεὸς διέθετο πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ὑμῶν, λέγων πρὸς Ἀβραάμ God made a covenant with your fathers, when he said to Abraham Ac 3:25 (διατίθημι 1). ὅρκον ὀμνύναι πρ. τινα (ὀμνύω, end) Lk 1:73.
    ζ. of asking, praying δέομαι Ac 8:24. εὔχομαι (s. εὔχομαι 1; cp. 2 Macc 9:13) 2 Cor 13:7. προσεύχομαι (cp. 1 Km 12:19; 2 Esdr 12: 4; 2 Macc 2:10) Hv 1, 1, 9. γνωρίζεσθαι πρὸς τὸν θεόν Phil 4:6 (γνωρίζω 1).—Also after nouns like δέησις, λόγος et al. Ro 10:1; 15:30; 2 Cor 1:18 al.
    ⓑ of time near, at, or during (a certain time)
    α. denoting approach toward (X., Pla. et al.) πρὸς ἑσπέραν toward evening Lk 24:29 (so Just., D. 97, 1; s. ἑσπέρα).
    β. of temporal duration for πρὸς καιρόν for a time, for a while (καιρός 1a) Lk 8:13; 1 Cor 7:5. πρὸς καιρὸν ὥρας (καιρός 1a) 1 Th 2:17. πρὸς ὥραν for an hour, i.e. for a short time J 5:35; 2 Cor 7:8; Gal 2:5a; Phlm 15; MPol 11:2. πρὸς ὀλίγας ἡμέρας Hb 12:10. Also πρὸς ὀλίγον Js 4:14; GJs 19:2 (ὀλίγος 3). πρὸς τὸ παρόν for the present Hb 12:11 (πάρειμι 1b).
    α. with conscious purpose for, for the purpose of, on behalf of οὗτος ἦν ὁ πρὸς τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην καθήμενος this was the one who sat (and begged) for alms Ac 3:10. πρὸς τὴν ἔνδειξιν τῆς δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ Ro 3:26. τοῦτο πρὸς τὸ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν σύμφορον λέγω 1 Cor 7:35a; cp. 35b. ἐγράφη πρὸς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν 10:11. Cp. Ro 15:2; 1 Cor 6:5; 2 Cor 4:6; 7:3; 11:8; Eph 4:12.—W. acc. of the inf. (Polyb. 1, 48, 5; PRyl 69, 16; BGU 226, 22; Jer 34:10; 2 Macc 4:45; TestJob 45:4; Jos., Ant. 14, 170; 15, 148 al.; Just., D. 132, 1) πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις in order to be seen by men Mt 23:5; cp. 6:1. πρὸς τὸ κατακαῦσαι αὐτά 13:30. πρὸς τὸ ἐνταφιάσαι με 26:12. πρὸς τὸ ἀποπλανᾶν εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς Mk 13:22. πρὸς τὸ μὴ ἀτενίσαι υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ 2 Cor 3:13. Cp. Eph 6:11a; 1 Th 2:9; 2 Th 3:8; Js 3:3 v.l.
    β. gener. of design, destiny (Demetr.[?]: 722 Fgm. 7 Jac. πρὸς τὴν κάρπωσιν; TestJob 42:7 τὰ πρὸς θυσίαν; Jos., Bell. 4, 573 τὸ πρ. σωτηρίαν φάρμακον) τῷ θεῷ πρὸς δόξαν for the glory of God 2 Cor 1:20 (on πρὸς δόξαν cp. SIG 456, 15; 704e, 21; 3 Macc 2:9; Just., A I, 15, 10 μηδὲν πρὸς δόξαν ποιεῖν). τῇ πυρώσει πρὸς πειρασμὸν ὑμῖν γινομένῃ 1 Pt 4:12.—After adjectives and participles for ἀγαθὸς πρὸς οἰκοδομήν Eph 4:29 (ἀγ. 1a) ἀδόκιμος Tit 1:16. ἀνεύθετος πρὸς παραχειμασίαν Ac 27:12. γεγυμνασμένος Hb 5:14. δυνατός 2 Cor 10:4. ἐξηρτισμένος 2 Ti 3:17. ἕτοιμος (q.v. b) Tit 3:1; 1 Pt 3:15. ἱκανός (q.v. 2) 2 Cor 2:16. ὠφέλιμος 1 Ti 4:8ab; 2 Ti 3:16.
    γ. of the result that follows a set of circumstances (so that) πάντα πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν γινέσθω everything is to be done in such a way that it contributes to edification 1 Cor 14:26; cp. vs. 12; Col 2:23 (but see eδ below); 1 Ti 4:7. ὁ βλέπων γυναῖκα πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτήν one who looks at a woman with sinful desire Mt 5:28, but s. eε below. λευκαί εἰσιν πρὸς θερισμόν they (the fields) are white, so that the harvest may begin J 4:35. αὕτη ἡ ἀσθένεια οὐκ ἔστιν πρὸς θάνατον this disease is not of the kind that will lead to death 11:4. Cp. ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον 1J 5:16f.
    ⓓ of relationship (hostile or friendly), against, for
    α. hostile against, with after verbs of disputing, etc.; s. ἀνταγωνίζομαι, γογγύζω, διακρίνομαι (διακρίνω 5b), διαλέγομαι 1, πικραίνομαι (πικραίνω 2), στασιάζω, ἔστην (ἵστημι B3). ἐστίν τινι ἡ πάλη πρός Eph 6:12. ἔχειν τι πρός τινα have anything (to bring up) against someone Ac 24:19. μομφὴν ἔχειν πρός τινα Col 3:13. πρᾶγμα ἔχειν πρός τινα 1 Cor 6:1 (πρᾶγμα 4). ἐγένετο γογγυσμὸς τῶν Ἑλληνιστῶν πρὸς τοὺς Ἑβραίους Ac 6:1. τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς 2 Cor 6:11 (ἀνοίγω 7). ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρὸς αὐτούς Lk 23:12. βλασφημίαι πρὸς τὸν θεόν Rv 13:6 (cp. TestJob 25:10 εἰπὲ ἓν ῥῆμα πρὸς τὸν θεόν). ἀσύμφωνοι πρ. ἀλλήλους unable to agree among themselves Ac 28:25 (Tat. 25, 2); cp. the structure of Col 2:23.
    β. friendly to, toward, with, before ἐργάζεσθαι τὸ ἀγαθόν Gal 6:10ab (ἐργάζομαι 2a). μακροθυμεῖν 1 Th 5:14. εἰρήνην ἔχειν πρὸ τὸν θεόν Ro 5:1 (s. εἰρήνη 2b). παρρησίαν ἔχειν πρὸς τ. θεόν 1J 3:21; cp. 5:14. πίστιν ἔχειν πρὸς τ. κύριον Ἰ. Phlm 5. πεποίθησιν ἔχειν πρὸς τ. θεόν 2 Cor 3:4. ἔχειν χάριν πρὸς ὅλον τὸν λαόν Ac 2:47 (FCheetham, ET 74, ’63, 214f). πραΰτητα ἐνδείκνυσθαι Tit 3:2. ἐν σοφίᾳ περιπατεῖν Col 4:5. ἤπιον εἶναι πρὸς πάντας 2 Ti 2:24.—After substantives: πίστις 1 Th 1:8 (cp. 4 Macc 15:24; Just., D. 121, 2); παρρησία 2 Cor 7:4; κοινωνία 6:14; συμφώνησις vs. 15 (cp. Is 7:2).
    ⓔ to indicate a connection by marking a point of reference, with reference/regard to
    α. with reference to (Ocellus Luc. c. 42 πρὸς ἡμᾶς=with reference to us) ἔγνωσαν ὅτι πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὴν παραβολὴν εἶπεν they recognized that he had spoken the parable with reference to them Mk 12:12; Lk 20:19; cp. 12:41 (Vita Aesopi cod. G 98 P. οἱ Σάμιοι νοήσαντες πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς εἰρῆσθαι τοὺς λόγους; Just., D. 122, 3 ταῦτα … πρὸς τὸν χριστὸν … εἴρηται). ἔλεγεν παραβολὴν πρὸς τὸ δεῖν προσεύχεσθαι he told them a parable about the need of praying 18:1 (Just., D. 90, 5 σύμβολον … πρὸς τὸν χριστόν). οὐδεὶς ἔγνω πρὸς τί εἶπεν αὐτῷ nobody understood with respect to what (= why) he said (this) to him J 13:28. πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν with reference to (i.e. because of) your perversity Mt 19:8; Mk 10:5 (Just., D. 45, 3). Cp. Ro 10:21a; Hb 1:7f. οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ πρὸς οὐδὲ ἓν ῥῆμα he did not answer him a single word with reference to anything Mt 27:14 (s. ἀποκρίνομαι 1). ἀνταποκριθῆναι πρὸς ταῦτα Lk 14:6 (s. ἀνταποκρίνομαι). ἀπρόσκοπον συνείδησιν ἔχειν πρὸς τὸν θεόν have a clear conscience with respect to God Ac 24:16.
    β. as far as … is concerned, with regard to (Maximus Tyr. 31, 3b) πρὸς τὴν πληροφορίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος Hb 6:11. συνιστάνοντες ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς πᾶσαν συνείδησιν ἀνθρώπων we are recommending ourselves as far as every human conscience is concerned = to every human conscience (πρός w. acc. also stands simply for the dative; s. Mayser II/2 p. 359) 2 Cor 4:2. τὰ πρὸς τὸν θεόν that which concerns God or as adverbial acc. with reference to what concerns God (Soph., Phil. 1441; X., De Rep. Lac. 13, 11; Ps.-Isocr. 1, 13 εὐσεβεῖν τὰ πρὸς τ. θεούς; SIG 204, 51f; 306, 38; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 109, 3 εὐσεβὴς τὰ πρὸς θεούς; Ex 4:16; 18:19; Jos., Ant. 9, 236) Ro 15:17; Hb 2:17; 5:1. τὰ πρός τι that which belongs to someth.; that which is necessary for someth. (Plut., Mor. 109b; Jos., Ant. 12, 405 τὰ πρὸς τὴν μάχην; 14, 27; a standard term in state documents) τὰ πρὸς ἀπαρτισμόν Lk 14:28 v.l. τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην (TestJud 9) vs. 32; what makes for peace 19:42. Cp. Ac 28:10; 2 Pt 1:3.
    γ. elliptically τί πρὸς ἡμᾶς (sc. ἐστιν); what is that to us? Mt 27:4. τί πρὸς σέ; how does it concern you? J 21:22f (cp. Epict. 4, 1, 10 τί τοῦτο πρὸς σέ; Plut., Mor. 986b; Vi. Aesopi I 14 p. 265, 4 Eberh. τί πρὸς ἐμέ; ApcMos 11 οὐ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἡ πλεονεξία σου).
    δ. in accordance with ὀρθοποδεῖν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν Gal 2:14. πρὸς τὸ κένωμα in accordance with the emptiness Hm 11:3. πρὸς τὸ θέλημα in accordance w. the will Lk 12:47; Hs 9, 5, 2. πρὸς ἃ ἔπραξεν 2 Cor 5:10. πρὸς ὅ Eph 3:4.—In comparison with, to be compared to (Pind., Hdt. et al.; Ps.-Luc., Halc. 3 πρὸς τὸν πάντα αἰῶνα=[life is short] in comparison to all eternity; Sir 25:19; TestJob 18:8; 23:8; Just., D. 19, 2 οὐδὲν … πρὸς τὸ βάπτισμα τοῦτο τὸ τῆς ζωῆς ἐστι; Tat. 29, 1 ὀρθοποδεῖν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν) ἄξια πρός Ro 8:18 (RLeaney, ET 64, ’52f; 92 interprets Col 2:23 in the light of this usage). Cp. IMg 12.
    ε. expressing purpose πρὸς τό w. inf. (s. Mayser II/1 p. 331f) in order to, for the purpose of Mk 13:22; Ac 3:19 v.l. Perh. Mt 5:28 (s. cγ above).
    ⓕ in adverbial expressions (cp. πρὸς ὀργήν = ὀργίλως Soph., Elect. 369; Jos., Bell. 2, 534. πρὸς βίαν = βιαίως Aeschyl., Prom. 208, 353, Eum. 5; Menand., Sam. 559 S. [214 Kö.]; Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 3. πρὸς ἡδονήν Jos., Ant. 7, 195; 12, 398; Just., A II, 3, 2 πρὸς χάριν καὶ ἡδονὴν τῶν πολλῶν) πρὸς φθόνον prob.=φθονερῶς jealously Js 4:5 (s. φθόνος, where the lit. is given). πρὸς εὐφρασίαν w. joy AcPl Ox 6, 9f (cp. Aa 1 p. 241, 1 ὑπερευφραινομένη).
    ⓖ by, at, near πρός τινα εἶναι be (in company) with someone Mt 13:56; Mk 6:3; 9:19a; 14:49; Lk 9:41; J 1:1f; 1 Th 3:4; 2 Th 2:5; 3:10; 1J 1:2. διαμένειν Ac 10:48 D; Gal 2:5b. ἐπιμένειν 1:18; 1 Cor 16:7. παραμένειν 16:6 (v.l. κατα-). μένειν Ac 18:3 D. παρεῖναι 12:20; 2 Cor 11:9; Gal 4:18, 20; cp. παρουσία πρὸς ὑμᾶς Phil 1:26. παρεπιδημεῖν 1 Cl 1:2. ἐποίησεν τρεῖς μῆνας πρὸς τὴν Ἐλισάβεδ GJs 12:3. πρὸς σὲ ποιῶ τὸ πάσχα Mt 26:18b. Cp. also 2 Cor 1:12; 7:12; 12:21; 2 Th 3:1; Phlm 13; 1J 2:1; Hm 11:9b v.l.—πρὸς ἑαυτούς among or to themselves Mk 9:10 (in case πρὸς ἑ. belongs w. τὸν λόγον ἐκράτησαν; B-D-F §239, 1). πρὸς ἑαυτὸν προσηύχετο he uttered a prayer to himself Lk 18:11. Cp. 24:12.—δεδεμένον πρὸς θύραν tied at a door Mk 11:4. τὴν πᾶσαν σάρκα ἀνθρώπων πρὸς ἡδονὴν ἐδέσμευεν (Satan) bound all humankind to self-gratification AcPlCor 2:11. πρὸς τ. θάλασσαν by the seaside Mk 4:1b. On πρὸς τὸ φῶς at the fire Mk 14:54; Lk 22:56 s. B-D-F §239, 3; Rob. 625 (perh. w. the idea of turning toward the fire; s. also 4 Km 23:3). πρὸς ἓν τῶν ὀρέων at one of the mountains 1 Cl 10:7. τὰ πρὸς τὴν θύραν the place near the door Mk 2:2. πρὸς γράμμα letter by letter Hv 2, 1, 4.—On πρός τι terms s. PWouters, The Treatment of Relational Nouns in Ancient Grammar: Orbis 38, ’95, 149–78 (lit.). M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρός

  • 10 ἀποστέλλω

    ἀποστέλλω fut. ἀποστελῶ; 1 aor. ἀπέστειλα; ἀποστείλω Ac 7:34 (Ex 3:10) is perh. not hortat. subj. but pres. ind. as in the Pontic dial. (Thumb 18; s. M-M s.v.) or fut. (see v.l.); pf. ἀπέσταλκα, pass. ἀπέσταλμαι; 2 aor. pass. ἀπεστάλην (Soph., Hdt.+).
    ① to dispatch someone for the achievement of some objective, send away/out (Diod S 34 + 35, 14)
    ⓐ w. only the obj. given Mt 13:41; Mk 11:1; 12:5 al.
    ⓑ more exactly defined
    α. w. indication of the pers. to whom someone is sent: by the dat. (UPZ 61, 20) Mt 22:16; εἴς τινα Mt 15:24; Lk 11:49; Ac 26:17. πρός τινα (Epict. 3, 22, 74; Jos., Ant. 7, 334) Mt 21:34, 37; 23:34, 37; 27:19; Mk 3:31; 12:4, 6; J 1:19 al.
    β. w. indication of the place to which someone is sent, w. εἰς (PCairZen 578, 3): Mt 14:35; 20:2; Mk 8:26; Lk 1:26; 10:1; J 3:17 al. W. ἐν (4 Km 17:25; 2 Ch 7:13) ἐν μέσω λύκων Mt 10:16; Lk 10:3 (cp. Jer 32:27). ἔξω τ. χώρας outside the country Mk 5:10. W. ὧδε here Mk 11:3. ἀ. πρεσβείαν ὀπίσω τινός send an embassy after someone Lk 19:14 (cp. 4 Km 14:19). ἀ. ἔμπροσθέν τινος (cp. Gen 45:5, 7; 46:28) send before someone J 3:28; cp. ἀ. ἄγγελον πρὸ προσώπου σου Mt 11:10; Mk 1:2 (Ex 23:20; cp. Mal 3:1); cp. Lk 9:52; 10:1.
    γ. w. the purpose of the sending indicated by ἵνα (Gen 30:25) Mk 12:2, 13; Lk 20:10; J 1:19; 3:17; 7:32; Hv 5:2 al. By ὅπως (1 Macc 16:18) Ac 9:17. By the inf. (Num 16:12; 31:4) Mt 22:3; Mk 3:14; Lk 1:19; 4:18a (Is 61:1); 9:2; 14:17; J 4:38; Ac 5:21; 1 Cor 1:17; Rv 22:6; B 14:9 (Is 61:1); Hm 12, 6, 1; cp. AcPlCor 2:9 in c below. By ἐπί (or εἰς) w. acc. (Apollon. Paradox. 1; PFlor 126, 8; Sb 174, 5f [III B.C.] ἀ. ἐπὶ τ. θήραν τ. ἐλεφάντων; UPZ 15, 24) ἐπὶ τοῦτο for this purpose Lk 4:43. εἰς διακονίαν to render service Hb 1:14 (cp. Jdth 11:7; Gen 45:5). By the simple acc. τοῦτον ἄρχοντα καὶ λυτρωτὴν ἀπέσταλκεν this man he sent as leader and deliverer Ac 7:35. ἀ. τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἱλασμόν 1J 4:10. ἀ. τ. υἱόν σωτῆρα vs. 14 (cp. ἐκεῖνον … κατάσκοπον … ἀποσταλέντα Just., D. 113, 1).
    δ. in pass. ἀποστέλλεσθαι παρὰ θεοῦ (Vi. Aesopi I c. 31 p. 295, 1 ed. Eberh. ἀπεστάλην παρὰ τ. θεοῦ μου; cp. Sir 15:9; 34:6) J 1:6. πνεύματος ἁγίου ἀπὸ οὐρανοῦ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀποσταλέντος εἰς αὐτὴν (Μαρίαν) AcPlCor 2:5; ἀπὸ τ. θεοῦ (Epict. 3, 22, 23 ἀπὸ τοῦ Διός; Vi. Aesopi G 119 P.: the prophets of Heliopolis say ἡμεῖς ἀπεστάλημεν ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ) Lk 1:26 (v.l. ὑπό); cp. 1 Cl 65:1. ἀπὸ Κορνηλίου πρὸς αὐτόν Ac 10:21 v.l. ἀπὸ Καισαρείας 11:11 (cp. 1 Macc 15:1). ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ 1 Pt 1:12; ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγγέλου Hv 5:2.
    ⓒ esp. of the sending out of the disciples by Jesus Mt 10:5; Mk 3:14; 6:7; Lk 9:2; J 4:38; 17:18, as well as God’s sending forth of Jesus (of the divine mission, esp. of prophets, very oft. in LXX; on the Heb. שָׁלִיחַ see LKopf, VetusT 7, ’58, 207–9 and ἀπόστολος 2c.—Philo, Migr. Abr. 22; Just., A I, 63, 5; D. 75, 3. The Cynic ἀπὸ τ. Διὸς ἀπέσταλται Epict. 3, 22, 23; cp. 46.—Cornutus 16 p. 30, 19 ὁ Ἑρμῆς ὁ λόγος ὤν, ὸ̔ν ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἐξ οὐρανοῦ οἱ θεοί) Mt 15:24; Mk 9:37; Lk 9:48; J 3:17, 34; 5:36, 38; 6:29, 57; 7:29; 8:42; 11:42; 17:3 (ἀποπέμπω v.l.), 8, 21, 23, 25; 20:21; Ac 3:20. Σιλωάμ tr. ἀπεσταλμένος J 9:7 (for a prob. mystic sense cp. Philo, Poster. Cai. 73; difft. ViIs 2 [p. 69, 5 Sch.].—The abs. ὀ ἀπεσταλμένος [Diod S 16, 50, 2]=the emissary). John the Baptist ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ θεοῦ 1:6.—ἀπέστειλε πρώτοις Ἰουδαίοις προφήτας εἰς τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἀποσπασθῆναι sent prophets first to Judaeans so that they might be rescued from their sins AcPlCor 2:9.—Also of the Holy Spirit 1 Pt 1:12 (cp. w. ref. to the breath or wind of God, Jdth 16:14; Ex 15:10).—Of angels Hv 4, 2, 4 (cp. Da 4:13, 23; 2 Macc 11:6; 15:22f; Tob 3:17).
    ② to dispatch a message, send, have someth. done
    ⓐ w. ref. to content of the message τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἀπεστάλη τοῦτο τὸ σωτήριον this salvation has been dispatched to the gentiles Ac 28:28 (cp. the passages fr. Lk and Ac in c end).
    ⓑ When used w. other verbs, ἀ. often functions like our verbal auxiliary ‘have’ and means simply that the action in question has been performed by someone else (Gen 31:4; 41:8, 14; Ex 9:27; 2 Km 11:5 al.; X., Cyr. 3, 1, 6; Plut., Mor. 11c μεταπέμψας ἀνεῖλε τ. Θεόκριτον) ἀποστείλας ἀνεῖλεν he had (them) killed Mt 2:16. ἀ. ἐκράτησεν τ. Ἰωάννην he had John arrested Mk 6:17. ἀ. μετεκαλέσατο he had (him) summoned Ac 7:14. ἐσήμανεν ἀ. διὰ τ. ἀγγέλου αὐτοῦ he had it made known by his angel Rv 1:1. Sim. ἀπέστειλαν αἱ ἀδελφαὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν λέγουσαι the sisters had word brought to him J 11:3. ἀ. ἐν ἀφέσει set free Lk 4:18b (Is 58:6).
    ⓒ in related vein w. impers. obj. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 15 Jac.; cp. En 101:3; PsSol 7:4): ἀ. τὸ δρέπανον (one) sends for the sickle=‘sends for the reapers’; a species of synecdoche Mk 4:29 (Field, Notes 26, argues for ‘put forth’=‘put in’ on the basis principally of Jo 3:13, ἐξαποστείλατε δρέπανα, ὅτι παρέστηκεν τρύγητος, a clause formally sim. to the phrase in Mk. The sense linguistically remains the same: reapers must perform the task with a sickle. In the impv. construction of Jo the subject is specified and the action defined as a directive; in Mk the subj. is to be inferred and the directive implied). ἀ. αὐτούς, the owner arranges for dispatch of donkeys Mt 21:3. ἀ. τὸν λόγον send out a message (Ps 106:20; 147:7; cp. PLips 64, 42 τὸ περὶ τούτου ἀποσταλὲν πρόσταγμα) Ac 10:36; 13:26 v.l.; cp. Lk 24:49. Pass. Ac 28:28 (s. a above).
    ⓓ abs. μήπως ἀποστείλῃ ὁ δεσπότης ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς lest the Lord dispatch (his wrath) upon us GJs 7:1 (Ezk 7:7).—See lit. s.v. ἀπόστολος.—B. 710. DELG s.v. στέλλω A. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀποστέλλω

  • 11 ἐξουθενέω

    ἐξουθενέω/ἐξουθενόω (s. prec. entry) fut. ἐξουθενήσω,-ωσω LXX; 1 aor. ἐξουθένησα,-ωσα; pf. ἐξουθένηκα,-ωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐξουθενήθην,-ώθην; pf. ἐξουθένημαι, ptc. ἐξουθηνημένος LXX, ἐξουθενωμένοι (only TestAsh 7:2 w. ἐξουδενωμένοι) (ἐξουθενέω: Herodian Gr. II 508, 10; Just.; Cass. Dio 7, 8, 8; En 99:14 [pres. ptc.]; Vi. Aesopi G 80 p. 60, last two lines P. ἐξουθενηθείς; Vi. Aesopi W 77b p. 97, 2 P. ἐξουθένησας [beside p. 96, 37 ἐξουδενῆσαι]; schol. on Pla., Gorg. 483b; TestSol 22:5 P ἐξουθενημένην; JosAs 13:10 ἐξουθένηκα; 2:1 [pres. ptc.]. ἐξουθενόω: Rhet. Gr. I 623, 27; PsSol 2:5 and 27; En 99:14 pres. ptc.; TestLevi 16:2; TestAsh 7:2; Mk 9:12 v.l.; 1 Cl 18:17=Ps 50:19. For the spelling s. New Docs 2, 83 and the reff. s.v. ἐξουδενέω.)
    ① to show by one’s attitude or manner of treatment that an entity has no merit or worth, disdain τινά someone (Ps.-Callisth. p. 72, 19; Achmes 128, 10; schol. on Soph., Ajax 368 p. 36 Papag. [1888]) Lk 18:9 (Field, Notes 72); Ro 14:3, 10; 1 Cor 16:11; σὺ τίς εἶ ἐξουθενῶν αὐτήν who in the world are you to disdain her? GMary 463, 23; τὶ someth. (Jos., Bell. 6, 315. Pass.: Philo, Leg. All. 2, 67) 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ἐξουθενημένος despised, of no account οἱ ἐ. (Philo, Mos. 2, 241; Just., D. 121, 3 παρουσίᾳ; 131, 2 μυστηρίου) 1 Cor 6:4; τὰ ἐ. 1:28. Of the speaking ability of the apostle when he appears in person (parall. ἀσθενής): it amounts to nothing 2 Cor 10:10. The expr. τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τ. σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε Gal 4:14 contains two major components: ‘My physical weakness did indeed distress you’ and ‘You did not despise me because of it’. The acc. in the phrase τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν is prob. temporal, and the concluding verb is abs.; the thought can be rendered during your time of trial in connection with my physical disability, you showed no disdain. (See 2.)
    ② to have no use for someth. as being beneath one’s consideration, reject disdainfully (1 Km 8:7; PsSol 2:5; En 99:14). So 1 Th 5:20; Ac 4:11.—Bauer observed that at least for διαπτύω τι the mng. ‘reject someth.’ is well established (Dositheus, Ars Gramm. 68, 10 Tolk.: διέπτυσεν αὐτοῦ τὰς ἱκετείας) and likewise for περιπτύω (Simplicius in Epict. p. 58, 8; 61, 20; 98, 36; 119, 18). He suggested that Gal 4:14 might be translated: ‘You neither treated me w. contempt nor did you turn away from the temptation that my physical appearance might have become to you.’ (See 1.)
    ③ to regard another as of no significance and therefore worthy of maltreatment (=ἐξουδενέω), treat w. contempt (Just., A I, 63, 16 ἐξουθενηθῆναι καὶ παθεῖν) τινά Lk 23:11; B 7:9. Pass. Mk 9:12 v.l.—DELG s.v. οὐ. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουθενέω

  • 12 ἐξουθενόω

    ἐξουθενέω/ἐξουθενόω (s. prec. entry) fut. ἐξουθενήσω,-ωσω LXX; 1 aor. ἐξουθένησα,-ωσα; pf. ἐξουθένηκα,-ωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐξουθενήθην,-ώθην; pf. ἐξουθένημαι, ptc. ἐξουθηνημένος LXX, ἐξουθενωμένοι (only TestAsh 7:2 w. ἐξουδενωμένοι) (ἐξουθενέω: Herodian Gr. II 508, 10; Just.; Cass. Dio 7, 8, 8; En 99:14 [pres. ptc.]; Vi. Aesopi G 80 p. 60, last two lines P. ἐξουθενηθείς; Vi. Aesopi W 77b p. 97, 2 P. ἐξουθένησας [beside p. 96, 37 ἐξουδενῆσαι]; schol. on Pla., Gorg. 483b; TestSol 22:5 P ἐξουθενημένην; JosAs 13:10 ἐξουθένηκα; 2:1 [pres. ptc.]. ἐξουθενόω: Rhet. Gr. I 623, 27; PsSol 2:5 and 27; En 99:14 pres. ptc.; TestLevi 16:2; TestAsh 7:2; Mk 9:12 v.l.; 1 Cl 18:17=Ps 50:19. For the spelling s. New Docs 2, 83 and the reff. s.v. ἐξουδενέω.)
    ① to show by one’s attitude or manner of treatment that an entity has no merit or worth, disdain τινά someone (Ps.-Callisth. p. 72, 19; Achmes 128, 10; schol. on Soph., Ajax 368 p. 36 Papag. [1888]) Lk 18:9 (Field, Notes 72); Ro 14:3, 10; 1 Cor 16:11; σὺ τίς εἶ ἐξουθενῶν αὐτήν who in the world are you to disdain her? GMary 463, 23; τὶ someth. (Jos., Bell. 6, 315. Pass.: Philo, Leg. All. 2, 67) 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ἐξουθενημένος despised, of no account οἱ ἐ. (Philo, Mos. 2, 241; Just., D. 121, 3 παρουσίᾳ; 131, 2 μυστηρίου) 1 Cor 6:4; τὰ ἐ. 1:28. Of the speaking ability of the apostle when he appears in person (parall. ἀσθενής): it amounts to nothing 2 Cor 10:10. The expr. τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τ. σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε Gal 4:14 contains two major components: ‘My physical weakness did indeed distress you’ and ‘You did not despise me because of it’. The acc. in the phrase τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν is prob. temporal, and the concluding verb is abs.; the thought can be rendered during your time of trial in connection with my physical disability, you showed no disdain. (See 2.)
    ② to have no use for someth. as being beneath one’s consideration, reject disdainfully (1 Km 8:7; PsSol 2:5; En 99:14). So 1 Th 5:20; Ac 4:11.—Bauer observed that at least for διαπτύω τι the mng. ‘reject someth.’ is well established (Dositheus, Ars Gramm. 68, 10 Tolk.: διέπτυσεν αὐτοῦ τὰς ἱκετείας) and likewise for περιπτύω (Simplicius in Epict. p. 58, 8; 61, 20; 98, 36; 119, 18). He suggested that Gal 4:14 might be translated: ‘You neither treated me w. contempt nor did you turn away from the temptation that my physical appearance might have become to you.’ (See 1.)
    ③ to regard another as of no significance and therefore worthy of maltreatment (=ἐξουδενέω), treat w. contempt (Just., A I, 63, 16 ἐξουθενηθῆναι καὶ παθεῖν) τινά Lk 23:11; B 7:9. Pass. Mk 9:12 v.l.—DELG s.v. οὐ. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουθενόω

  • 13 ἐξουσία

    ἐξουσία, ας, ἡ (Soph., Thu.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph., Just.; Tat. 30, 1; Mel., P. 104, 810 [Bodm.]) from ἔξεστιν.
    ① a state of control over someth., freedom of choice, right (e.g., the ‘right’ to act, decide, or dispose of one’s property as one wishes: BGU 1158, 13 [9 B.C.] = Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 234, 13 legal t.t., esp. in wills: POxy 272, 13; BGU 183, 25 ἔχειν αὐτὴν τὴν ἐ. τῶν ἰδίων πάντων; PTebt 319, 21.—Sir 30:11) ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν have the right 2 Th 3:9 (Just., D 16, 4). W. inf. foll. (Teles p. 23, 14; 24, 11; Tob 2:13 S; 7:10 S) J 10:18; 1 Cor 9:4ff; Hb 13:10; Rv 13:5; B 4:2. W. obj. gen. foll. (τίς οὖν ἔτι ἔχει μου ἐξουσίαν; Epict. 3, 24, 70; διδόναι ἐξουσίαν τῶν πετεινῶν Did., Gen. 61, 24) εἰ ἄλλοι τῆς ὑμῶν ἐ. μετέχουσι 1 Cor 9:12. Also ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς the right to the tree of life Rv 22:14. W. verbs of two constr. ἔχει ἐ. ὁ κεραμεὺς τοῦ πηλοῦ ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ φυράματος the potter has a right over the clay, to make fr. the same lump Ro 9:21. ἐ. ἔχειν περί τινος (4 Macc 4:5) be at liberty w. regard to a thing (opp. ἀνάγκην ἔχειν) 1 Cor 7:37; cp. 8:9; ἐ. ἐν τ. εὐαγγελίῳ a right in the gospel 9:18. ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐ. ὑπῆρχεν was at your disposal Ac 5:4 (Esth 4:17b; Appian, Liby. 52 §226 ἐν ἐ. εἶναι τί τινι=someth. is at someone’s disposal, is within one’s power).
    ② potential or resource to command, control, or govern, capability, might, power (on capacity for someth. cp. Did., Gen. 162, 5: ἡ προσαιρέσεως ἐξουσία; cp. 1 Esdr 4:28, 40; 2 Macc 7:16 the king can do what he pleases because he has the capability for doing so) ἡ ἐ. τ. ἵππων ἐν τ. στόματι αὐτῶν ἐστιν Rv 9:19; cp. vs. 3; 13:2, 4; 18:1; Mt 9:8; Ac 8:19. W. inf. foll. to indicate the thing that one is able to do (En 25:4 ἅψασθαι; Diod S 4, 52, 4 ἀμύνασθαι εἶχεν ἐξουσίαν; Mel., P. 104 πάντα κρίνει); ἐκβάλλειν τ. δαιμόνια [b]Mk 3:15. ἐμβαλεῖν εἰς τ. γέενναν Lk 12:5; cp. J 1:12; 7:1 v.l.; Rv 9:10; 11:6. W. gen. of the inf. foll. τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων Lk 10:19; ποιεῖν ἐ. exercise power Rv 13:12. ἐ. ἔχειν τινός have power over someone (Epict. 4, 12, 8) GPt 3:7; ἑαυτοῦ IPol 7:3; also ἐ. ἔχειν ἐπί τινος Rv 20:6; cp. AcPl Ha 1, 3. Esp. of God’s power (Theodor. Prodr. 5, 313 ἡ θεῶν ἐ.; Da 4:17; Jos., Ant. 5, 109; 18, 214) Lk 12:5 (cp. 2 Cl 5:4); Ac 1:7; Jd 25; Hs 9, 23, 4. πάντων τ. ἐξουσίαν power over all Hm 4, 1, 11; Hs 9, 28, 8. πᾶσα ἡ ἐ. 5, 7, 3 (En 9:5). τὴν κατὰ πάντων ἐ. MPol. 2:1. τέλους ἐ. power over the end PtK 2 p. 13, 22. ἐ. ἐπὶ τ. πληγάς control over the plagues Rv 16:9. Also of Satan’s power Ac 26:18; ending of Mk in the Freer ms.; B 2:1.—The power that comes fr. God can involve transcendent knowledge, and both may be expressed by ἐ. (Herm. Wr. 1, 13; 14; 32). So his hearers conclude fr. Jesus’ teaching that he must have ἐ. (i.e. it is not necessary for him to first ask what the traditional practice or interpretation requires) Mk 1:22 (‘license’ of a Jewish teacher L-S-J-M Suppl., ’68; against this AArgyle, ET 80, ’68/69, 343); cp. Mt 7:29 (Rtzst., Poim. 48, 3, Mysterienrel.3 302; 363; JStarr, HTR 23, 1930, 302–5; HWindisch, Pls. u. Christus ’34, 151ff; DDaube, JTS 39, ’38, 45–59; HFlowers, ET 66, ’55, 254 [‘like a king’]; DHudson, ET 67, ’55/56, 17; JCoutts, JTS 8, ’57, 111–18 [Jesus and the 12]). The prep. expr. κατʼ ἐξουσίαν in accordance w. knowledge and power Mk 1:27 and ἐν ἐ. Lk 4:32 belong to this classification; cp. 4:36. The close relation of ἐ. w. ‘gnosis’ and teaching also B 18:1.—But it is not always possible to draw a hard and fast line betw. this sense and
    ③ the right to control or command, authority, absolute power, warrant (Sextus 36: the πιστός has ἐ. fr. God) ἐ. καὶ ἐπιτροπή (cp. Ps.-Pla., Defin. p. 415c ἐξουσία, ἐπιτροπὴ νόμου) authority and commission Ac 26:12. ἐν ποίᾳ ἐξουσίᾳ ταῦτα ποιεῖς; by whose authority are you doing this? Mt 21:23, 24, 27; Mk 11:28, 29, 33; Lk 20:2, 8. ἐ. διδόναι τινί put someone in charge (Diod S 13, 36, 2; 14, 81, 6; cp. Vi. Aesopi G 11 p. 39, 6 P.; En 9:7; TestJob 3:6; Jos., Ant. 2, 90; 20, 193) Mk 13:34; PtK 2 p. 14, 13. οἷς ἔδωκεν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τὴν ἐ. to whom he gave rights over the Gospel (for its proclamation) B 8:3. ὅτι τὸ ἄρχειν ἐξουσίας ἐστίν that ruling depends on authority 6:18. Of apostolic authority 2 Cor 10:8; 13:10; ISm 4:1. Of Jesus’ total authority Mt 28:18 (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 32; Da 7:14; DStanley, CBQ 29, ’67, 555–73); Hs 5, 6, 1. W. gen. of the one who has authority ἐ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ Rv 12:10 (Just., A I, 40, 7). W. gen. of that over which the authority is exercised (Diod S 2, 27, 3; IDefixWünsch 4, 21; Ps 135:8, 9; Wsd 10:14; Sir 17:2; Jos., Vi. 190) ἐ. πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων over the unclean spirits Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; cp. J 17:2; Hm 4, 3, 5; PtK 2 p. 14, 13; 1 Cl 61:2; ISm 4:1; τούτου τοῦ λαοῦ Hs 8, 3, 3. Also ἐπί w. acc. (cp. Sir 33:20) Lk 9:1; cp. Rv 6:8; 13:7. Likew. ἐπί w. gen. (cp. Da 3:97) Rv 2:26; 11:6b; 14:18. παρά τινος (also ἀπό τινος Orig., C. Cels. 2, 13, 56) indicates the source of the authority (s. παρά A3b) Ac 9:14; 26:10; Hs 5, 6, 4 (restored from the Lat.; ἐ. λαμβάνειν as Diod S 11, 42, 6; TestJob 8:2f; 16:4; Vi. Aesopi G 11 p. 39, 4 P.) and κατά τινος the one against whom it is directed (TestJob 16:2 κατʼ ἐμοῦ; 8:2 κατὰ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων μου ‘over my possessions’; Sb 8316, 6f κύριε Σάραπι δὸς αὐτῷ κατεξουσίαν κατὰ τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτοῦ; Orig., C. Cels. 7, 43, 25) J 19:11 (HvCampenhausen, TLZ 73, ’48, 387–92); B 4:13. W. pres. inf. foll. (cp. X., Mem. 2, 6, 24 and 35; Diod S 12, 75, 4; 1 Macc 10:35; 11:58; Jos., Ant. 4, 247) Mt 9:6; Mk 2:10; Lk 5:24; J 5:27. W. aor. inf. foll. (Jdth 8:15; 1 Esdr 8:22; 1 Macc 1:13) 19:10. Foll. by gen. of the pres. inf. (4 Macc 5:15) Hm 12, 4, 2.—RDillon, ‘As One Having Authority’ (Mark 1:22): CBQ 57, ’95, 92–113.
    ④ power exercised by rulers or others in high position by virtue of their office, ruling power, official power (Ps.-Pla., Alc. 1, 135b al.; LXX; Jos., Bell. 2, 140, Vi. 80) ἐ. ὡς βασιλεύς Rv 17:12f (Diod S 2, 45, 1 βασιλικὴν ἐ. ἔχειν; 14, 32, 5 ἐ. λαμβάνειν); ἐ. τοῦ ἡγεμόνος Lk 20:20; cp. J 19:10f, s. 3 above. ἐ. ἐπάνω δέκα πόλεων Lk 19:17. ἄνθρωπος ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος a man under authority 7:8 (MFrost, ET 45, ’34, 477f); cp. Mt 8:9; Hs 1:3.—The power of a particular office (Diod S 1, 70, 1; 14, 113, 6 ἡ ὑπατικὴ ἐξουσία; Plut., Mar. 406 [2, 1], Caes. 734 [58, 1]) ἐπαρχικὴ ἐ. the power of prefect Phlm subscr.
    ⓐ human authorities, officials, government (Dionys. Hal. 8, 44; 11, 32; POxy 261, 15) Lk 12:11 (here and elsewh. in NT w. ἀρχή, as also in Pla.); Ro 13:1, 2, 3 (with 13:1b cp. the express. ‘ancient saying’ [s. Hes., Theogony 96 ἐκ δὲ Διὸς βασιλῆες. On this HFränkel, Dichtung u. Philos. des frühen Griechentums ’62, 111 n. 6] in Artem. 2, 36 p. 135, 24; 2, 69 p. 161, 17 τὸ κρατοῦν δύναμιν ἔχει θεοῦ=the ruling power has its authority from God; Wsd 6:3; Jos., Bell. 2, 140 οὐ δίχα θεοῦ περιγενέσθαι τινὶ τὸ ἄρχειν … ἐξουσίαν); Tit 3:1. For the view that the ἐ. of Ro 13 are spirit powers, as b below, s. OCullmann, Christ and Time (tr. Filson) ’50, 191–210.—On the subj. in gener. s. LGaugusch, D. Staatslehre d. Ap. Pls nach Ro 13: ThGl 5, ’34, 529–50; JUitman, Onder Eig. Vaandel 15, ’40, 102–21; HvCampenhausen, ABertholet Festschr. ’50, 97–113; OCullmann, Zur neuesten Diskussion über die ἐξουσίαι in Rö 13:1: TZ 10, ’54, 321–36, D. Staat im NT ’612 (Eng. tr.: The State in the NT ’56, 93–114); against him AStrobel, ZNW 47, ’56, 67–93.—GCaird, Princip. and Powers ’56; RMorgenthaler TZ 12, ’56, 289–304; CMorrison, The Powers That Be ’60; EBarnikol, Rö 13. Der nichtpaulinische Ursprung der absoluten Obrigkeitsbejahung v. Rö 13:1–7 ’61, 65–133; HSchlier, Principalities and Powers in the NT ’61 (Eng. tr.); MBorg, NTS 19, ’72/73, 205–18. οἱ ἐπʼ ἐξουσίαν ἀχθέντες those who are brought before the authorities Hs 9, 28, 4.
    ⓑ of transcendent rulers and functionaries: powers of the spirit world (TestLevi 3:8; TestSol 20:15 B), sg. (w. ἀρχή and δύναμις) 1 Cor 15:24; Eph 1:21; Col 2:10. Pl. (w. ἀρχαί as Just., D. 41, 1; cp. Orig., C. Cels. 4, 29, 22) Eph 3:10; 6:12; Col 1:16; 2:15; (w. ἄγγελοι, δυνάμεις) 1 Pt 3:22. Cp. the v.l. for ἄρχειν Papias (4).
    ⑥ the sphere in which power is exercised, domain (4 Km 20:13; Ps 113:2) Lk 4:6. ἐκ τ. ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου ἐστίν he comes fr. Herod’s jurisdiction 23:7. ἐ. τοῦ σκότους domain of darkness 22:53; Col 1:13 (opp. the βασιλεία of Christ). Hence ἐ. τοῦ ἀέρος simply domain of the air Eph 2:2; s. ἀήρ 2b.
    ⑦ Various opinions are held about the mng. of 1 Cor 11:10 ὀφείλει ἡ γυνὴ ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς διὰ τοὺς ἀγγέλους. Many now understand it as a means of exercising power (cp. δύναμις 1b.—It is abstract for concrete, as βασιλεία [1] in Diod S 1, 47, 5: a stone figure ἔχουσα τρεῖς βασιλείας ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς=that wears three symbols of royal power [diadems] on its head), that is to say, the veil (κάλυμμα is v.l. for ἐ. here; s. critical apparatus in N.) by which women at prayer (when they draw near to the heavenly realm) protect themselves fr. the amorous glances of certain angels. But the veil may also have been simply a symbol of womanly dignity, esp. befitting a Christian woman, and esp. in the presence of holy angels (s. Cadbury below).—WWeber, ZWT 46, 1903, 487–99; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 12–23 al.; EFehrle, Die kultische Keuschheit im Altertum1910, 39; RPerdelwitz, StKr 86, 1913, 611–13; LBrun, ZNW 14, 1913, 298–308; GKittel, Rabbinica 1920, 17ff; Billerb. III 423–35; KBornhäuser, NKZ 41, 1930, 475–88; WFoerster, ZNW 30, ’31, 185f; MGinsburger, RHPR 12, ’32, 245–47; OMotta, ET 44, ’33, 139–41; CSpicq, RB 48, ’39, 557–62; EBlakeney, ET 55, ’44, 138; SLösch, TQ 127, ’47, 216–61; JFitzmyer, NTS 3, ’57, 48–58; HCadbury, HTR 51, ’58, 1f (Qumran parallels); MHooker, NTS 10, ’64, 410–16; AIsaksson, Marriage and Ministry in the NT ’65, 176–81; GSchwartz, ZNW 70, ’79, 249 (Aramaic background).—LCerfaux et JTondriau, Un Concurrent du Christianisme, ’57. S. on ἄγγελος 2c.—V.l. for ἄρχειν Papias (4).—DELG s.v. εἰμί. New Docs 2, 83f. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουσία

  • 14 fabella

    fābella, ae f. [demin. к fabula I, 4-6. \]
    2) сказочка, басенка ( Aesōpi Q)
    3) небольшая пьеса, маленькое драматическое произведение C

    Латинско-русский словарь > fabella

  • 15 genus

    I eris n. [ geno = gigno]
    1) происхождение (nobĭle, plebejum L etc.)
    g. trahere (ducere) ab aliquo O etc. — вести свой род (происходить) от кого-л.
    2) знатное происхождение, родовитость (g. jactare H)
    3) род, племя, народ (Graecorum, Romanum Sl; bellicosum L)
    g. hominum C (humanum Sen, mortale V) — человеческий род, человечество
    g. avium (volucrum) O — пернатый мир
    g. piscium H — pisces
    4) род, дом (Corneliorum Su; Fabium L)
    auctores generis C — основатели рода, предки
    bella tui generis O — войны твоих (т. е. Августа) предков
    5) потомство ( nepōtum H); потомок, отпрыск, тж. сын или внук
    g. Adrasti O — Diomedes
    g. lapĕti H — Prometheus
    6) пол (virile, muliebre Lcr, C)
    7) грам. род ( in nominibus tria genera Q)
    8) категория, класс, слой, круг (g. irritabile vatum H)
    militare g. L — военные, армия
    9)
    а) порода ( equorum Cato); вид, разновидность (cibi Cs; arborum atque frugum Just)
    aves omne g. Vr — птицы всех видов
    alia id g. или alia generis ejusdem C etc. — прочее тому подобное
    genere, non numero C — качественно, а не количественно
    nullo genere Pt — ни в коем случае, никоим образом
    12) способ, манера, характер (g. pugnandi и pugnae Cs etc.; g. scribendi H или scripturae Nep)
    g. dicendi C — ораторский стиль, литературный слог
    g. vitae (vivendi) C, Sen etc. — образ жизни
    14) лог., филос. род (g. etspecies cujusquerei C)
    pars subjecta generi C — species
    II genus, ūs m. LM = genu

    Латинско-русский словарь > genus

  • 16 contineo

    con-tineo, tinuī, tentum, ēre (con u. teneo), I) zusammenhalten, 1) verbindend, a) fest aneinanderhaltend zusammenhalten, α) eig., v. Pers., fracturam manu, Cels. – v. Lebl., sutura, si nimis rara est, non continet (verst. vulnus), Cels. – im Passiv, contineri, zusammengehalten werden = zusammenhalten (intrans.), in sich festhalten (intrans.), cum agger altiore aquā contineri non posset, Caes.: quas membranas natura firmas fecit, ut continerentur (zusammenhielten = nicht auseinander gingen od. sich nicht verschöben), Cic. – so auch im Aktiv intrans., per hortum utroque commeatus continet, hängt zusammen, Plaut. Stich. 452 R. – β) übtr., zusammenhalten = im Bestehen (im Gange) erhalten, aufrecht erhalten, haec quae vitam continent omnem, Cic.: sed haec ipsa virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet, Cic.: nec enim ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides, Cic. (u. so im Passiv id hominum genus, a quo uno et summa res publica et illa provincia maxime continetur, Cic.): c. Romanis (den R.) militarem disciplinam, Liv.: hostium imminens metus disciplinam veterem continebat, Flor. – im Passiv, ut ceterae naturae suis seminibus gignuntur, augescunt, continentur, sic etc., Cic.: vis multā exercitatione continenda est, Quint.

    b) ungetrennt beieinander behaltend, zusammen halten, zusammen- od. beieinander behalten, merces (Ggstz. partiri) Cic.: milites, Caes.: exercitum (Ggstz. in civitates dividere), Liv. 28, 2, 16 (versch. v. unten no. II, 3, b, β, αα [S. 1615] aus Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38): c. gregem voce (v. Kranichen), Plin.: maximos ferarum greges linea pennis distincta continet, Cic.: aqua in devexo fluit, in plano continetur et stagnat, Sen. – m. Advv. od. Praepp. (wo?), naves frumentumque ibi, Caes.: manipulos ad signa, Caes.: ceteros in armis, Liv.: legiones uno loco, Caes.

    c) übh. in Verbindung, in Zusammenhang bringend zusammenhalten, verbinden, α) eig.: quod oppidum Cenabum pons fluminis Ligeris continebat, mit dem jenseitigen Ufer verband, Caes. b. G. 7, 11, 6. – gew. im Passiv, omnium legionum hiberna milibus passuum centum continebantur, standen auf einer Strecke von 100000 Schr. miteinander in Verbindung, Caes.: eorum (portuum) coniunctione pars oppidi, quae appellatur Insula, mari disiuncta angusto, ponte rursus adiungitur et continetur, Cic. – m. cum u. Abl. od. mit inter se, zB. eadem magni refert primordia cum quibus contineantur, in Verbindung stehen, Lucr.: si mundus globosus est ob eamque causam omnes eius partes undique aequabiles ipsae per se atque inter se continentur etc., zusammenhängen, Cic. – β) übtr.: omnes artes, quae ad humanitatem pertinent, habent quoddam commune et quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur, Cic.: alcis hospitio contineri, durch G. mit jmd. verbunden sein, Nep.: ut non beneficiis mutuis, sed communi odio, quod erga regem susceperant, contineri viderentur, Nep.

    2) umgebend, umschließend, a) zusammenhalten = umschlossen od. eingeschlossen halten, α) übh.: orbis extumus, arcens et continens ceteros, Cic.: ut (caro mollis) intestina non satis contineat, Cels.: vis caloris... hieme fit densior eamque ob causam calorem insitum in terris continet artius, Cic.: mundus, qui omnia complexu suo coërcet et continet, Cic.: Oceanus ponto quā continet orbem, Tibull. – im Passiv, contineri m. Abl. = v. einer Örtl. umschlossen-, eingeschlossen-, umgrenzt werden, eorum una pars continetur Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum, Caes.: Gallia, quae saltu Pyrenaeo Alpibusque et monte Cebennā, fluminibus Rheno et Rhodano continetur, Suet.: qui vicus positus in valle altissimis montibus undique continetur, Caes.: ita angustis montibus (eng aneinander stoßenden Bergen) mare continebatur, ut etc., Caes.: mare ripis contentum insularum non longe distantibus, Mela. – β) hemmend, feindl. umschlossen halten, eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, gefangen halten, v. lebl. Subjj., quos vincula continuerant, non castra, Iustin. – v. Pers., beluas immanes saeptis, Cic.: ventos carcere (Ggstz. ventos emittere), Ov.: alqm vinculis Romae (Ggstz. solvere), Suet.: catulos per diem catenis (Ggstz. noctibus solvere), Col.: quam illum ut honorate sic secure continet! wie ehrenvoll u. wie sorglos hält er ihn gefangen! Vell.: claustris poenalibus contineri, Solin. 1, 124. – als milit. t. t., umlagernd, umstellend eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, Pompeium quam angustissime, Caes.: hostes proelio superatos, Caes.: equitatum Pompeianum ad Dyrrhachium, Caes.: contineri munitionibus, Caes.

    b) umschließend in sich enthalten, in sich tragen od. haben, in sich begreifen, m. in u. Abl. od. m. bl. Abl., α) v. Pers.: spes illa, quam in alvo continebat, unter dem Herzen trug (v. einer Schwangeren), Cic.: so auch cum praegnans hunc ipsum Dionysum alvo contineret, Cic. – übtr., odium in omnes bonos conceptum iam diu c., Cic.: c. a deo immissum dolorem, non a se conceptum, Cic. – omnium rerum, quae ad dicendum pertinent, fontes animo ac memoriā c., Cic. – β) v. Lebl.: linea, quae centum continet pedes, Quint.: quattuor aeterna genitalia mundus continet, Ov.: si membranae eum (umorem) continuerunt, Cels.: gelum, quod (umor) continet in se, Lucr.: ut omnia, quae alantur et crescant, contineant in se vim caloris, Cic.: calor, qui aquis continetur, im W. enthalten ist, Cic. – übtr., αα) übh., enthalten, umfassen, tales res, quales hic liber continet, Cic.: primus liber (historiarum) continet res gestas regum populi Romani, Nep.: nonus liber, quo missa ad Achillem legatio continetur, Quint.: litterae tuae partim laeta partim tristia continent, Plin. ep.: quod tabulae continent, Quint.: tabellae senatus consultum continentes, Val. Max.: liber secreta civilium sacrorum continens, Val. Max.: Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent, Cic.: simplex causa est, quae absolutam in se continet unam quaestionem, Cic. – und mit folg. Acc. u. Infin. od. indir. Fragesatz, tertia epistula continebat esse tibi redditam orationem pro Clario, Plin. ep.: tabulae, quibus centum talenta dedisse Thebanos continebatur, Quint.: quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet, Quint. – im Passiv, is liber, quo acceptae et expensae summae continebantur, Val. Max.: earum ipsarum rerum, de quibus agimus, prima institutio et quasi disciplina illo libro continetur, Cic.: epistulae ei redduntur, quibus bellum Agidis in Graecia, bellum Alexandri in Italia continebatur, Iustin.: facinus, in quo omnia nefaria contineri mihi atque inesse (begriffen u. enthalten zu sein) videntur, Cic.: diei brevitas conviviis, noctis longitudo stupris et flagitiis continebatur, wurde ausgefüllt mit usw., Cic. – ββ) etw. wesentlich in sich enthalten, etw. wesentlich bedingen, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, der wesentliche Inbegriff-, der Hauptpunkt (die Hauptsache) sein von od. bei etw. (s. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 3, 58. Giese Cic. de div. 1, 117. Matthiä Cic. Rosc. Am. 34), quod rem continet, quae rem continent, das, worauf es ankommt, das Wesentliche, Cic.: quod maxime rem causamque continet, Cic.: quae maxime rem continerent erant, die etwa die Hauptpunkte waren, Liv.: quod hunc locum continet, de quo agimus, Cic.: videamus de summo bono, quod continet philosophiam, welches der Hauptpunkt der Ph. ist, Cic.: haec quae vitam continent omnem, wesentlich bedingen, Cic. – im Passiv contineri alqā re od. in alqa re = wesentlich in etw. enthalten-, in od. unter etw. begriffen sein, wesentlich in etw. bestehen, durch etw. wesentlich bedingt sein, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, auf etw. sich wesentlich stützen, um etw. sich wesentlich drehen, non enim venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (di), Cic.: vita corpore et spiritu continetur, Cic.: status rei publicae maxime iudicatis rebus continetur, Cic.: exemplis continetur Aesopi genus, Phaedr.: artis pars magna continetur imitatione, Quint.: quo more caerimonia continetur, Caes.: Romanum foedus, quo nostra omnia continentur, Liv.: dolus malus in simulatione continetur, Cic. – v. Pers., bei etw. wesentlich beteiligt sein, qui viri hoc sermone continentur, Cic. de or. 3, 9.

    II) behalten, 1) umfassend, umschließend halten, umfaßt halten, festhalten, a) im allg.: α) v. der Hand u. v. d. Pers., die mit der Hand umfaßt: acus ea veniat in sinistram, quam dextra continuit, Cels. – v. der Pers., c. dextram obambulantis, Suet.: alcis caput, Plaut. u. Cels.: alcis caput a posteriore parte (von hinten), Cels.: colem masculi sinistrā manu (bei einer Operation), Cels.: alqm (bei einer Operation), Cels., Auct. b. Afr. u. Curt.: u. so se continendum praebere, sich halten lassen, Curt. – β) v. Lebl., festhalten, in seiner Lage od. Stellung halten, quadratas regulas defigunt, quae lateres contineant, Caes.: naves minus commode copulis continebantur, Caes. – u. als mediz. t. t., ut (fascia) impositum medicamentum contineat, Cels.: nisi utrimque recti valentesque nervi collum contineant, Cels.: ferulae circumpositae ossa in sede sua contineant, Cels.

    b) Empfangenes bei sich festhalten, behalten, α) v. der Hand: expeditius manus rapiunt, quam continent, Curt. – u. v. der Pers., mit der Hand, difficile est continere, quod capere non possis, Curt. – β) v. Magen: alvus arcet et continet, quod recipit, Cic.: alvus alias cibos non transmittit, alias non continet, Plin.: u. ohne Objekt, stomachus non od. parum continet, Cels. – im Passiv, si cibus non continetur od. non contineri potest (verst. alvo), Cels. – u. im üblen Sinne, quia quod infusum est (das Klistier) alvo continetur, Cels. – v. der Pers., im Magen, onerati mero non continent cibum vino redundante, Sen. – γ) v. Gedächtnis: velox mihi memoria erat ad continenda, quae acceperam, Sen. rhet.: nec disci audiendo possunt omnia nec memoriā contineri, Lact. – δ) v. andern Ggstdn.: mollis lana, quae umorem intus contineat, Cels.: lapides rotundi, qui et contineant umorem et transmittant, Plin.: ut scrobes quam maxime accipiant aquam contineantque, Plin.: arida continent odorem diutius, Plin.

    2) wo behalten = wo bleiben lassen, a) übh.: digitum ibi continere, donec etc., Cels.: aeger manus sub multa veste continere debet, Cels.: contineat sub lingua salem, donec liquescat, Plin.: semper manum intra pallium, Quint.: c. manus paenulis, Suet.: brachium veste, Quint.: aquam calidam ore, Cels.: oleum in ore, Plin. – übtr., jmd. in einer Tätigkeit, in einem Zustande bleiben lassen, in od. bei etw. erhalten, alqm in ea exercitatione, Cic.: se in suis perennibus studiis, Cic.: haud aequo animo se in secundo gradu, sich begnügen mit usw., Curt.: alqm in officio suo, Cornif. rhet.: Belgas in officio (Gehorsam), Caes.: civitates in amicitia, Hirt. b. G.: Galliam in pace, Hirt. b. G.: Hispanias in summa quiete, Vell.: alqm sub tutela sua, bevormunden, Sen. – u. als mediz. t. t., alqm in ieiunio, Cels.: quā ratione aeger continendus sit, wie zu halten, Cels.

    b) wo verweilen lassen, sich aufhalten lassen, sich aufzuhalten nötigen, wie unser behalten, innen halten u. bl. halten, milites sub pellibus, Caes.: pecudem sub tecto, Col.: aegrum lucido loco od. obscuro loco, Cels.: exercitum castris, Caes.: partem iuniorum domi, Liv.: alqm domi atque intra privatos parietes, Quint.: deos parietibus inclusos, Cic.: indignationes domi, verbergen, Liv. 1, 10, 1. – v. lebl. Subjj., rogo ut veniat, quia me recens adhuc luctus limine contineret, Plin. ep.: u. (im Bilde) neque privata domus parietibus continere voces coniurationis tuae potest, Cic.: si sui iuris finibus matronas contineret pudor, Liv. – bes. oft se continere u. Passiv contineri, sich halten, sich aufhalten, sich innen halten, se in lectulo, Cels.: se in villa, Val. Max.: se in Italia, Vell.: se intra coloniam suam, Sen. rhet.: sese intra silvas in occulto, sich in den W. verborgen halten, Caes.: se hoc colle, Caes.: se tectis od. se alvo (v. Bienen), Plin.: se vallo adversus validiorem hostem, Liv.: se portis muroque, Liv.: se suo loco (Stellung), Caes.: sese ad hoc tempus his sedibus, Caes.: se ruri, Ter.: se consulto domi, Cic.: u. (im Bilde) se suarum rerum finibus, Cic.: u. (m. Ang. wie?) si Poenus sub angulo Alpium quietus se contineat, sich ruhig verhalte, Liv. 29, 5, 9. – im Passiv, contineri intra suum limen, sich auf das Haus beschränken, Liv.: contineri tecto ac parietibus, Cic., tectis ac tenebris, Cic.: absol., acies ad solis occasum continentur, bleiben stehen, bleiben in ihrer Stellung, Caes. b. c. 1, 83, 3. – dah. prägn., α) alqm continere, jmd. innen halten = im Hause zu bleiben nötigen, frigidus agricolam si quando continet imber, Verg. georg. 1, 259. – u. so bes. nachaug. oft se continere, sich innen halten (Ggstz. progredi), gew. = zu Hause bleiben, Cels. u. Suet.; selten = sich im Lager halten, zB. Iustin. 42, 4, 8. – β) alqd continere, etw. innen behalten = nicht mitteilen, teils Geschriebenes nicht herausgeben, reliquos libros, Cic. ad Att. 13, 21, 4. – teils Gewußtes bei sich od. für sich behalten, verschwiegen halten (Ggstz. proferre), quae vera audivi taceo atque contineo optime, Ter.: petimus ab Antonio, ut ea, quae continet neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis, Cic. – teils einen Affekt zurückhalten, unterdrücken, verbergen = nicht äußern, nicht laut werden lassen m. dopp. Acc., alqd (gaudium, dolorem) tacitum c. od. c. non posse, Liv. 30, 17, 5 u. 40, 3, 5. c) wo aufbewahrt halten, aufbewahren, lacus (est) lacuna magna, ubi aqua contineri potest, Varro LL.: c. murenas ingentes in piscina, Sen.: privatā custodiā (Obhut) contineri (v. Schriften), Cic.: ebenso Vestae custodiā contineri (v. Palladium), Cic.: gens Aegyptiorum, quae plurimorum saeculorum et eventorum memoriam litteris continet, Cic.

    3) innen halten, einhalten = anhalten, aufhalten, an sich halten, hemmen, deutsch auch bl. halten, a) eig.: α) Lebl.: aquam, Caes.: ora frenis spumantibus, Phaedr. – animam in dicendo, Cic.: spiritum, Cels.: spiritum diutius, Cels.: spiritum in natando, Plin.: gradum, Verg.: c. vocem, den Mund halten, Cic.: c. risum, Cic.: vix od. non c. lacrimas, Plaut. u. Aur. Vict.: non c. bilem, Sen. rhet.: diligentissime c. linguam, im Zaume halten, Cic.: so petulans non linguam, non manum continet, Sen.: unde manum iuventus metu deorum continuit? Hor. – β) leb. Wesen: suos continuit silentio (in St.), Liv.: artis frenis continet equos, Sen. poët. – v. leb. Subjj., an te tempestas continet? Plaut.: hos omnes flumina continebant, Caes.

    b) übtr.: α) jmd. aufhalten, abhalten, enthalten, m. ab u. Abl., suos a proelio, Caes.: omni ope milites ab seditione, Liv.: de omnibus rebus c. se ab assentiendo, Cic.: contineo me ab exemplis, Cic. – m. folg. ne od. (bei vorhergeh. Negation) m. quin od. quominus u. Konj., contineo igitur me, ne incognito assentiar, Cic.: ut contineant milites, ne studio pugnandi longius progrediantur, Caes.: nec contineri Macedones poterant, quin cursu quoque ad hostem contenderent, Curt.: ut vix ab amicis, quominus occideret eum, contineretur, Curt. – β) im Zaume-, in Schranken halten, αα) politisch od. militärisch im Zaume-, im Gehorsam (in der Treue) halten od. erhalten, in der Zucht halten (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 22, 11), reliquos Macedonas, Liv.: nauticos in navibus, Liv.: exercitum (v. Feldherrn), Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38 (versch. von Liv. 28, 2, 16 oben no. I, 1, b). – v. lebl. Subjj., severitas imperii eos continuit, Liv.: metum continuisse ad eam diem Hispanorum animos, Liv. – m. Abl. (durch), c. Asiam modico exercitu, Curt.: proprio bello Tiburtes, Liv.: Etruscos non tam armis, quam iudiciorum terrore, Liv.: c. aequitate animi plebem, durch Zufriedenheit im Gehorsam halten = zufrieden erhalten, Caes.: c. fide populares, durch Tr. im G. h. = in der Tr. erhalten, Curt.: quae pauca (oppida) magis metu quam fide continebantur, Liv. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., qui (Bituriges) unius legionis hibernis contineri (abgehalten werden) non poterant, quin bellum pararent, Hirt. b. G. 8, 2. § 2. – ββ) moralisch im Zaume halten, bezähmen, zügeln, mäßigen, u. refl. continere se od. Passiv contineri medial = an sich halten, sich mäßigen, sich beherrschen, omnes cupiditates, Cic.: appetitiones od. appetitus animi (Ggstz. remittere, freien Lauf lassen), Cic.: se, Cic.: insolentiam suam modeste, Cic.: u. (v. lebl. Subjj.) quosdam continet metus, Quint.: ut metu contineatur audacia, Cic. – m. in u. Abl., in Scaevola c. dicta, Cic.: c. se in aliqua libidine (Ggstz. se in aliqua libidine effundere), Cic.: im Passiv, in illa cupiditate contineri, sich mäßigen (Ggstz. flagrare amentiā, inflammatā ferri libidine), Cic. – m. ab u. Abl., temeritatem ab omni lapsu, Cic.: a praesenti supplicio tuo continuit populus Romanus se et repressit, Cic. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., te non potuisse continere iracundiam tuam, quin nobis de morte Caesaris obiceres, Brut. et Cass. in Cic. ep.: non continentes (verst. se), quin protinus adicerent, Vell.: non posse milites contineri, quin etc., Caes.: vix me contineo, quin involem in capillum, Ter.: male me, quin vera faterer, continui, male, quin, ut oportuit, oscula ferrem, Ov.: im Passiv, contineri, quin complectar, non queo, Plaut. – im Passiv im Zshg. absol., equidem cupio (sc. reducere) et vix contineor (sc. quin reducam), Ter. Hec. 615.

    lateinisch-deutsches > contineo

  • 17 defloratio

    dēflōrātio, ōnis, f. (defloro), I) das Abblüten, übtr., das Abpflücken der Blüten (des Besten), die Blumenlese, Graculus Aesopi ex defloratione omnium constructus, Tert. adv. Val. 12: deflorationes librorum faciebat, Cassiod. hist. eccl. 12, 5. – II) das Entblüten, übtr., virginitatis, die Entjungferung (= Schändung), Ambros. epist. 5. § 11.

    lateinisch-deutsches > defloratio

  • 18 exaro

    ex-aro, āvī, ātum, āre, I) ausackern, auspflügen, puerum, Cic.: radices, Plin. – II) erackern, erpflügen, d.i. durch den Ackerbau herausbringen od. gewinnen, poscet omne, quantum exaravero, Cic.: nummos vero ut det, quos non exarat, Cic.: tantum labore suo frumenti ex., ut etc., Cic.: plus quam decem medimna ex agro, Cic.: hae litterae hoc, quantum est ex Sicilia frumenti hornotini, exaraverunt, diesem Schreiben verdankt man den Bau alles Getreides, das heuer von Sizilien kam, Cic. – III) ausackern, aufpflügen, A) eig.: terram, Varro: agrum, Col.: ex. et effodere mala, rings den Boden um die Apfelbäume aufackern u. aufgraben, Pallad.: übtr., frontem rugis, mit R. durchfurchen = mit Runzeln (wie mit Furchen) überziehen, Hor. epod. 8, 4: u. so exaratus vulneribus a capite usque ad pedes, Ambros. de off. 1, 12, 41. – B) meton., etwas (mit dem Griffel die wächserne Schreibtafel gleichs. durchfurchend) flüchtig entwerfen, aufzeichnen, vermerken, entwerfen, exaravi ad te harum exemplum in codicillis, Cic.: librum tertium Aesopi stilo, Phaedr.

    lateinisch-deutsches > exaro

  • 19 fabella

    fābella, ae, f. (Demin. v. fabula), I) die kleine Erzählung, vera, Phaedr.: fabellae commenticiae, Cic.: fabellarum auditione duci, Cic.: in fabellam excessi non ingratam tibi, Sen. – II) insbes.: a) die Fabel, das Märchen, Aesopi fabellae, Quint.: fab. parva, Phaedr., brevior, Quint.: narrare asello fabellam surdo, Hor.: talem fabellam referre, Phaedr.: referre alci fabellas, Tibull.: si nec fabellae te iuvant nec fabulae (Dramen), Phaedr. – b) ein kleines Schauspiel, Cic. ad Q. fr. 2, 15 (16), 3. Cic. Cael. 64.

    lateinisch-deutsches > fabella

  • 20 genus [1]

    1. genus, eris, n. (geno = gigno, vgl. γένος), I) Geburt, Abstammung, Abkunft, Herkunft, Stand (der Geburt nach), spez. = hohe Abkunft, a) der Menschen, generis auctor, Vater, Ov.: generis socia, Blutsgenossin, Schwester, Ov.: gloria generis magni, Ov.: genus (hohe Abkunft) amborum, Ov.: genus regium, Vell. u. Sen.: g. patricium, Liv.: plebeium, Liv.: maternum, paternum, Cic. u.a.: dispari genere, dissimili linguā, Sall.: genere antiquior, Acc. fr.: genere Tarentinus, Suet.: Livia genere, probitate, formā Romanarum eminentissima, Vell.: genere et nobilitate facile primus, Cic.: Graeci genere, Nep.: genus a magno ducere (herleiten) Gradivo, Ov.: virtute non genere populo Romano commendari, Cic. – b) der Tiere, volucres genus inde trahunt, Ov. fast. 6, 132. – c) lebl. Ggstde., semper erit genus in pugna, die Abst. (der Welt) wird immer streitig bleiben, Manil. 1, 145.

    II) das Geschlecht, A) im engern Sinne: 1) der Zeit u. Abstammung nach, a) das Geschlecht, das Zeitalter, Menschenalter, anticum genus, Lucr.: tertium sollers genus, Sen. poët.: Pyrrhae genus, Val. Flacc. – b) Volksstamm, Stamm, Nation, genus Graium, Enn.: Hispanum, Liv., Italicum, Romanum, Sall.: ferox genus, Liv.: bellicosum utrumque genus, Liv.: Aetolorum g., Liv.: Scytharum g., Iustin.: Nomadum, Verg.: paulo sunt (Ubii) eiusdem generis ceteris humaniores, Caes. – 2) bloß der Abstammung nach, a) Stamm, Geschlecht, Haus, Familie, gentum aut generum affinitas, Acc. tr.: fama generis et familiae, Quint.: nobilitas generis, Suet.: generis claritas, Quint.: auctores generis mei, Stammeltern, Ahnen, Cic.: genus Aemilium, Verg., Cilnium, Fabium, Liv.: g. Aeaci, Hor.: g. Corneliorum, Suet.: genere regio natum esse, Cic.: equestri, sed splendido genere natus, Vell.: summis gnati generibus, Plaut.: genus alto a sanguine Teucri prodere (fortpflanzen), Verg.: antiquitate generis florere, Nep. – b) (poet.) ein einzelner od. einzelne aus dem Geschlecht, der Sproß, Abkömmling, kollekt. = Sprößlinge, Abkömmlinge, genus deorum (v. Äneas), Verg.: Augustus Caesar, Divi genus, Verg.: Uraniae g. (v. Hymenaeus), Catull.: g. Adrasti (v. Diomedes, Enkel des Adrastus), Ov.: ab alto demissum genus Aenea (v. Augustus), Hor.: nepotum genus omne, Hor. – v. Tieren, catulum dedit ille leaenae iuravitque genus, Calp. ecl. 6, 5. – 3) der Fortpflanzung nach, das männliche u. weibliche Geschlecht, a) eig., physisch genus virile, muliebre, Lucr. u. Cic.: femineum, Verg.: mixtum, Verg.: virorum omne genus, Liv. u. Ov. – b) übtr., als gramm. t. t., genus masculinum, Paul. ex Fest.: in nominibus tria genera, Quint.: in verbis quoque quis est adeo imperitus, ut ignoret genera et qualitates, Quint.

    B) im weitern Sinne, das Geschlecht, als Gesamtheit gleichartiger lebender Wesen u. lebl. Ggstde., 1) v. lebl. Wesen: a) übh., Geschlecht, Gattung, deûm genus, Enn.: divôm genus humanumque, Lucr.: g. humanum, Cic. u.a.: g. mortale, Lucr., immortale, Verg.: omne genus, Ov.: animale g., Lucr.: genus omne animantum, Lucr.: hominum pecudumque genus, Verg. – b) insbes., α) v. Menschen, Gattung, Klasse, Rasse, Stand, Schlag, Kunst, id hominum est genus pessumum, Ter.: quod genus hoc hominum? Verg.: genus hoc universum, diese gesamte Menschenklasse, Cic.: utrumque genus hominum, Nep.: omne genus copiarum, Nep.: eius generis homines, Cic.: amici, cuius generis penuria est, Cic.: istius generis asoti, Cic.: cuiusque generis homines, Sall.: omnis generis homines, Cic., od. aëneatores, Sen.: genus hominum ferum incultumque, Sall.: genus hominum agreste, Sall.: g. leoninum, Plaut.: militare g., Liv.: de fabrorum quoque ac ministrorum atque id genus (u. Leute dieses Schlags) numero, Suet.: conventus is, qui ex variis generibus (Elementen) constaret, Caes. – β) v. Tieren, Gattung, Klasse, Rasse, g. alituum, Lucr.: genus omne volucrum od. avium, Ov.: aves omne genus, Varro: multa genera ferarum, Caes.: quinque milia omne genus ferarum, Suet.: genus acre, leones, Ov.: g. vipereum, Verg.: ovium summa genera duo, tectum et colonicum, Plin.: viginti miba equarum ad genus faciendum (um die Rasse fortzupflanzen) in Macedoniam missa, Iustin. – 2) v. lebl. Ggstdn., Gattung, Klasse, Art, Zweig, Manier, Stil, a) eig.: α) konkr. Ggstde.: cibi g., Caes.: g. loricarum, Nep.: fructuum genera, Varro LL.: arborum atque frugum genera, Iustin.: herbae id genus, Liv.: navigii id genus, Vell.: hoc amictus genus, Quint.: vasa omnis generis, Liv.: omnis generis arma od. tormenta, Liv.: omne genus frugum, Liv.; omne genus rerum missilia, Suet.: seminaria omne genus (aller Art), Varro: libri fatidici Graeci et Latini generis, Suet. – β) abstr. Ggstde.: αα) übh.: id genus imperii, Cic.: istud ipsum orationis genus, Cic.: omne genus eloquentiae, Quint.: machinae omnium generum, Sall.: genus poenae novum, Sall. – Aesopi genus, Gattung, Schriftgattung (Genre), Phaedr. 2. prol. 1: Doricum genus, Baustil, Vitr. 4, 3, 1. – hoc genus scribendi, Hor.: docendi g., Suet.: genera furandi, Cic.: verba id genus (derartige), Varro LL.: aliquid id genus (Derartiges) scribere, Cic.: alci concredere nugas hoc genus (derartige, dergleichen), Hor.: u. so alia hoc genus, Suet.: quod genus (von welcher Art) virtus est, Cic. – ββ) als philos. t. t., die Gattung (Ggstz. species od. pars, partes), Varro, Cic. u.a.: genus universum in species certas partiri ac dividere, Cic. – b) übtr.: α) Art, Weise, Art und Weise, Manier, quod hoc genus est, quae haec est coniuratio, Ter.: hoc genere optime etiam olea inseritur, Col.: ramos fortes eodem genere deposuit, Sen.: omni genere quod des adornandum est, Sen.: eo genere, quo Galba interemptus est, Suet.: quo enim melius genere negotium meum agere potuit? Sen.: cum maesti deliberaremus, quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam, Petron.: animam variis generibus emittunt, Sen.: peperit mihi tria nescio quae prodigia variis generibus inter se et me furentia, Sen. rhet. – β) Hinsicht, Rücksicht, Beziehung, itaque uno genere, opinor, circumscribere habetis in animo genus hoc oratorum, quod etc., Cic.: magnus homo, sed varius in omni genere, Nep.: tota domus in omni genere diligens, durchgängig pünktlich, Cic.: quinquaginta navium classis instructa omni genere, Dict.: Galli Senones, gens naturā ferox, adeo omni genere terribilis fuit, ut etc., Flor. – / Dat. Plur. genesibus, Censorin. 14, 12.

    lateinisch-deutsches > genus [1]

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • Aesopi Fabulae. — См. Эзоп …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)

  • PATINA — an a patendo; unde saepe in veter, libris Patena scribitur, ut vidimus supra: an a πατάνη, ut Suidae visum? Graecis Λοπὰς est: a Romanis, luxuriante sequiore aevô, variis argumentis caelari consuevit. Unde Hederatam memorat Treb. Pollio in… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • AESOPUS — I. AESOPUS Phryx, Philosophus, et fabulator clarissimus, conditione autem servus, tempore Croesi Lydorum regis, cui fabulas suas dicavit. Nomen a nigredine forte obtinuit. Aesopus enim et Aethiops idem significant. Huius vitam Maximus Planudes… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Басня — весьма сродна с апологом (см. это сл.) и с животным эпосом (см. это сл.). В обширном значении часто даже смешивают все эти названия, но в тесном смысле каждое из них имеет свои отличительные черты. Аполог чисто дидактическое произведение.… …   Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона

  • Hieronymus Osius — Hieronymus Osius, auch: Ossanna (* um 1530 in Schlotheim; † April 1575/76 in Graz) war ein deutscher neulateinischer Dichter, Literaturwissenschaftler und Rhetoriker. Leben Über die Herkunft und den Bildungsgang von Osius ist nichts bekannt.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Osius — Hieronymus Osius, auch: Ossanna (* um 1530 in Schlotheim; † 1574 in Graz) war ein deutscher neulateinischer Dichter, Literaturwissenschaftler und Rhetoriker. Leben Über die Herkunft und den Bildungsgang von Osius ist nichts bekannt.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • ACETUM — praecipui olim in condimentis usus, inde ἧδος per excellentiam Graecis dictum: nec Silphii minor commendatio. Unde ὄξος et σίλφιον iungit Aristophanes in Avibus. Α᾿λλ᾿ ὑπιχνῶσιν, τυρον`, ἔλαιον, Σίλφιον, ὀξος καὶ τρίψαντες Κατάχυςμ᾿ ἕτερον. Et… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • IS — I. IS fluv. Susianae in Euphratem influens. Est et urbis nomen. Steph. Byzant. Herod. l. 1. c 179. II. IS sestertii saepe in vett. libris nota est. Ita enim, cum in vulgatis Plinii editionibus, ubi de citrea mensa Cic. Asiniique, hactenus… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • LUXURIA — a luxu, quod proprie luxatio, ἐξάρτρωσις, inde intemperantia cupiditatum, cum sc. eae luxae s. solutae sunt, ἀσωτία, ἀκράτεια: circa victum et vestitum inprimis, proprie profusa impensa. Sic in victu, Luxuriosorum principes, ex Graecis quidem… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • UNIO — I. UNIO nomen legis apud Aragonios, quâ olim libertati suae cavebant. Postquam enim Petrus cognomine ab Acinace, quod Legem de electione Regis strictô acinace discidisset, regnum fecisset hereditarium, ut nihilominus libertas sua manert salva,… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Тессинг, Иван Андреев — (Jean Tessing), амстердамский негоциант, типограф и гравер на меди. По преданиям, сохранившимся в семействе Тессингов, Иван Тессинг знал Петра I еще в Москве или Архангельске; a в Голландии царь часто бывал y Тессингов запросто (Пекарский, I, 11) …   Большая биографическая энциклопедия

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»